中国野生葡萄果皮解剖结构与白粉病抗性的相关性研究  

Correlation Between Anatomical Structure and Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Chinese Wild Vitis Species

作　　者：魏晓羽 王跃进[1] WEI Xiaoyu;WANG Yuejin(State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Germplasm Resource Utilization in Northwest China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,College of Horticulture,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,农业农村部西北地区园艺作物生物与种质创制重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《园艺学报》2022年第6期1200-1212,共13页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31872055)。

摘　　要：以中国野生葡萄刺葡萄、毛葡萄、华东葡萄和欧洲葡萄的10个株系和品种果实为试材,在田间抗病性鉴定基础上,通过解剖观察不同葡萄果实表皮组织结构特点和差异,探究葡萄果实表皮组织结构与抗白粉病的关系。结果表明,刺葡萄‘塘尾’‘福建-4’,毛葡萄‘丹凤-2’‘泰山-12’‘商-24’为抗病种质,华东葡萄‘白河35-1’‘湖南-1’;欧洲葡萄‘无核白’‘红地球’‘佳丽酿’为敏感品种。刺葡萄、毛葡萄、华东葡萄的表皮角质层比欧洲葡萄‘无核白’厚,刺葡萄和毛葡萄表皮层细胞排列规则且紧密,而欧洲葡萄‘无核白’表皮角质层最薄,表皮层细胞排列不规则且松散。刺葡萄‘塘尾’表皮层和亚表皮层细胞最厚,毛葡萄‘丹凤-2’和华东葡萄‘白河35-1’次之,欧洲葡萄品种‘无核白’的表皮层和亚表皮层最薄。相关性分析表明,葡萄果皮角质层厚度、表皮层厚度与对白粉病的抗性显著正相关,抗病种质的果皮角质层与表皮层厚度普遍厚于感病种质。Ten different of grape berries(including Vitis davidii Foëx,V.quinquangularis,V.pseudoreticulata and V.vinifera‘Thompson Seedless’)were used as materials to explore the relationship between grape fruit epidermis tissue structure and powdery mildew resistance.The results showed that the following grapes showed disease resistance:V.davidii‘Tangwei’,‘Fujian-4’;V.quinquangularis‘Danfeng-2’,‘Taishan-12’,‘Shang-24’,V.vinifera‘Thompson Seedless’,‘Red Globe’and‘Carinena’are susceptible varieties.The cuticle of the epidermis of Chinese wild V.davidii,V.quinquangularis and V.pseudoreticulata were thicker than that of European grape.The cuticle of the epidermis of V.davidii and V.quinquangularis were regularly arrangedand tight,and the epidermis of V.vinifera‘Thompson Seedless’was thinnest,the epidermal cuticle was the thinnest and the cells of the epidermal layer of the fruit skin were irregularly shaped and loosely arranged.The epidermis and subepidermis of V.davidi‘i Tangwei’were the thickest,followed by V.quinquangularis‘Danfeng-2’and V.pseudoreticulata‘Baihe 35-1’,and the epidermis and subepidermis of V.vinifera‘Thompson Seedless’were the thinnest.Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the thickness of cuticle and epidermal layer of fruit skin and resistance to powdery mildew in grapes,and the cuticle and epidermal layer thicknesses of fruit skin of disease-resistant plants were generally thicker than those of disease-susceptible plants.

关 键 词：中国野生葡萄 果实 组织解剖 角质层 表皮层 白粉病 抗病性 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]