Genome sequences of five Sitopsis species of Aegilops and the origin of polyploid wheat B subgenome  

作　　者：Lin-Feng Li Zhi-Bin Zhang Zhen-Hui Wang Ning Li Yan Sha Xin-Feng Wang Ning Ding Yang Li Jing Zhao Ying Wu Lei Gong Fabrizio Mafessoni Avraham A.Levy Bao Liu 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education(MOE),Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China [2]Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering,School of Life Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China [3]Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences,The Weizmann Institute of Science,76100 Rehovot,Israel [4]Faculty of Agronomy,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China

出　　处：《Molecular Plant》2022年第3期488-503,共16页分子植物（英文版）

基　　金：This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(31991211 to B.L.and 31970235 to L.F.L.);the Shanghai Pujiang Program(19PJ1401500 to L.F.L.),Israel Science Foundation(ISF)-China National Natural Science Foundation(NSFC)collaborative grants to B.L.(32061143001)and A.A.L.(3394/20);a China Postdoctoral Science Foundation grant(2021M690683).

摘　　要：Common wheat(Triticum aestivum,BBAADD)is a major staple food crop worldwide.The diploid progenitors of the A and D subgenomes have been unequivocally identified;that of B,however,remains ambiguous and controversial but is suspected to be related to species of Aegilops,section Sitopsis.Here,we report the assembly of chromosome-level genome sequences of all five Sitopsis species,namely Aegilops bicornis,Ae.longissima,Ae.searsii,Ae.sharonensis,and Ae.speltoides,as well as the partial assembly of the Amblyopyrum muticum(synonym Aegilops mutica)genome for phylogenetic analysis.Our results reveal that the donor of the common wheat B subgenome is a distinct,and most probably extinct,diploid species that diverged from an ancestral progenitor of the B lineage to which the still extant Ae.speltoides and Am.muticum belong.In addition,we identified interspecific genetic introgressions throughout the evolution of the Triticum/Aegilops species complex.The five Sitopsis species have various assembled genome sizes(4.11-5.89 Gb)with high proportions of repetitive sequences(85.99%-89.81%);nonetheless,they retain high collinearity with other genomes or subgenomes of species in the Triticum/Aegilops complex.Differences in genome size were primarily due to independent post-speciation amplification of transposons.We also identified a set of Sitopsis genes pertinent to important agronomic traits that can be harnessed for wheat breeding.These newly assembled genome resources provide a new roadmap for evolutionary and genetic studies of the Triticum/Aegilops complex,as well as for wheat improvement.

关 键 词：AEGILOPS Sitopsis genetic introgression genome evolution polyploid wheat TRITICUM 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]