光合作用中量子相干效应及其量子模拟  

Quantum coherent effects in photosynthesis and their quantum simulation

作　　者：张娜娜 何宛亭 孙宗浩 邓汝琼 王洋洋 艾清 ZHANG Na-Na;HE Wan-Ting;SUN Zong-Hao;DENG Ru-Qiong;WANG Yang-Yang;AI Qing(School of Optoelectronic Engineering,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,China;Department of Physics,Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Controllable Neutron Source,School of Electronic Information,Xijing University,Xi’an 710123,China;Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Applied Technology of Controllable Neutron Source,School of Electronic Information,Xijing University,Xi’an 710123,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆邮电大学光电工程学院,重庆400065 [2]北京师范大学物理学系,应用光学北京市重点实验室,北京100875 [3]陕西省可控中子源工程技术研究中心,西京学院电子信息学院,西安710123 [4]陕西省可控中子源应用技术国际联合研究中心,西京学院电子信息学院,西安710123

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2022年第7期151-168,共18页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：重庆邮电大学博士启动基金(编号:A2021-263);北京市自然科学基金(编号:1202017);国家自然科学基金(编号:11674033,11505007,11474026)资助项目。

摘　　要：以鸟类导航和光合作用为代表的生物现象展现了丰富的量子相干效应.鸟类利用微弱的地磁场和依赖于自旋的化学反应识别方向.光合作用作为地球上最重要的能量来源之一,一直以来都是科学研究的热点.目前,已经在光合作用复合物中发现了量子相干效应,并且证明了光合作用复合物中能量传输的量子效率接近100%.这些重要的发现促使很多不同学科领域的专家去探索光合作用系统中能量传输背后的物理机制以及量子相干效应在光合系统中起到的作用.除此之外,一些研究尝试利用量子相干效应来提高激子能量传输的效率,并已取得了一定的进展.对于光合作用系统这样的量子开放系统,目前已有多种理论方法被提出,并用于分析其量子动力学过程.这些理论方法根据其建立的理论假设,具有各自不同的适用情形.近年来,随着研究深入,多个课题组提出了一些基于不同物理系统的量子模拟方法,并以此来分析光合作用系统中的现象.这些量子模拟方法与传统的理论计算方法相比,具有较高的计算效率以及较低的计算复杂度.本文对光合作用中量子相干效应的研究进展以及相关的理论研究方法和量子模拟方法进行综合性评述.Many biological phenomena including avian navigation and photosynthesis manifest quantum coherent effects.In avian navigation,the weak geomagnetic field and spin-dependent chemical reactions are utilized for navigation.As one of the most important energy sources on earth,photosynthesis has always been a point of discussion for scientists.The study of energy transmission in photosynthetic systems can support the design or performance optimization of artificial light-harvesting devices.Currently,the quantum coherent effect has been observed in photosynthetic complexes,and the quantum efficiency of energy transmission in photosynthetic complexes is close to 100%.These important findings prompted many experts in different disciplines to use quantum physical methods to explore the physical mechanism behind the energy transmission in photosynthetic systems and the role of the quantum coherent effect in the exciton energy transmission in photosynthetic complexes.It has been proven that energy transfer in pigment-protein complexes is mainly in the form of coherent energy transfer.Moreover,the importance of the quantum coherent effect in energy transmission has been proven.Furthermore,several researchers have used the quantum coherent effect to improve energy transmission in photosynthetic systems and achieved some progress.For open quantum systems,such as photosynthetic systems,many theoretical methods have been proposed to analyze their quantum dynamics.These theoretical methods can be divided into two categories according to whether they can describe the diagonal term of the system density matrix,namely,coherent and incoherent theories.Moreover,the application conditions of these theoretical methods differ according to their established processes.Recently,with the progress in research,several groups have proposed several quantum simulation methods based on different quantum computing systems,including quantum simulation methods based on nuclear magnetic resonance systems,superconducting quantum circuit systems,and ion

关 键 词：光合作用 鸟类导航 量子相干效应 量子模拟 

分 类 号：O431.2[机械工程—光学工程]