2018-2020年深圳市福田区汽修行业重点职业病监测结果分析  

Analysis on surveillance results of key occupational diseases in automobile repair industry in Futian District of Shenzhen City from 2018-2020

作　　者：刘俊玲[1] 朱德香 李汉锋[1] 郑晓钧[1] LIU Jun-ling;ZHU De-xiang;LI Han-feng;ZHENG Xiao-jun(Occupational Health Department,Shenzhen Futian District Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Shenzhen Guangdongy 518040,China;Occupational Health Comprehensive Management Section,Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases yShenzhen Guangdong,518020,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市福田区疾病预防控制中心职业卫生科,广东深圳518040 [2]深圳市职业病防治院职业卫生综合管理科,广东深圳518020

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第13期1734-1739,共6页Occupation and Health

基　　金：深圳市福田区卫生公益性科研项目(FTWS2019066)。

摘　　要：目的 了解深圳市福田区汽修行业重点职业病情况,掌握劳动者的健康状况,为制定辖区职业病防治策略提供技术依据。方法 收集2018—2020年深圳市福田区重点职业病及危害因素等监测数据,用Excel建立数据库,用SPSS软件对收集的数据开展分析。结果 2018—2020年深圳市福田区涉及重点职业病危害的汽修企业数和接触重点职业病危害人数均呈逐年递减趋势,汽修行业共报告重点职业病4例,分别是慢性苯中毒2例、噪声聋1例、尘肺病1例,均为男性,工龄均在3年以上,集中分布在私有小型企业。2018—2020年深圳市福田区汽修行业职业健康检查,不同年龄人群听力筛查异常检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),表现为年龄越长其听力筛查异常率呈现逐渐增高的趋势。2019年和2020年汽修行业粉尘作业工人肺功能下降人数比2018年明显增多,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 深圳市福田区汽修行业重点职业病危害不容忽视,特别是以往容易忽视的粉尘作业的危害,粉尘作业工人的健康状况需得到更多的关注,还应加大对年龄较大噪声作业人群的关注。监管部门应加大对汽修行业的监管力度,技术部门应加强作业场所职业病危害因素监测和劳动者的职业健康监护工作。Objective To understand the status of key occupational diseases in automobile repair industry in Futian District of Shenzhen City,master the health status of workers,and provide technical basis for making prevention and treatment strategies of occupational diseases in the area. Methods The surveillance data of major occupational diseases and hazard factors in Futian District of Shenzhen City from 2018-2020 were collected,the Excel was used to establish database,and SPSS software was used to analyze the collected data. Results From 2018-2020,the number of automobile repair enterprises involved in key occupational hazards and the number of people exposed to key occupational hazards showed a decreasing trend year by year. Four cases of key occupational diseases were reported in the automobile repair,including including two cases of chronic benzene poisoning,one case of noise deafness and one case of pnemoconiosis. They are all male and have worked for more than three years,and concentrated in private small enterprises. From 2018-2020,the data of occupational health examination of automobile repair industry in Futian District of Shanzhen City showed that there was statistically significant difference in the abnormal rate of hearing screening among different age groups(P<0.05),it manifested as the abnormal rate of hearing screening increased gradually with age. The number of dust-exposed workers with lung function decline in automobile repair industry in 2019 and 2020 was significantly higher than that in 2018(all P<0.05). Conclusions The key occupational hazards of the automobile repair industry in Futian District of Shenzhen City can not be ignored,especially the hazard of dust work which is easy to be ignored in the past,and it is necessary to pay more attention to the health condition of dust-exposed workers,and the older noise-exposed workers. The regulatory authorities should strengthen the supervision of the automobile repair industry,and the technical departments should strengthen the monitoring of occupationa

关 键 词：职业病 重点职业病监测 汽修行业 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]