北京市人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者和艾滋病患者流感及流感疫苗知识态度行为现况调查  

Knowledge,attitude and practice toward influenza and influenza vaccine among HIV/AIDS patients in Beijing

作　　者：庞灿 崔景茜 李砚萍[1] 李佳[1] 李茜瑶 徐聪慧 卢红艳[1] 李洁[1] PANG Can;CUI Jing-xi;LI Yan-ping;LI Jia;LI Xi-yao;XU Cong-hui;LU Hong-yan;LI Jie(Institute for STD/AIDS Control and Prevention,Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100013,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治所,北京100013 [2]北京市东城区疾病预防控制中心环境卫生科,北京100009

出　　处：《中国病毒病杂志》2022年第2期119-125,共7页Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82003563);北京市疾病预防控制中心、北京市预防医学研究中心科研培育专项(2020-BJYJ-07)。

摘　　要：目的研究北京市人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染者和艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)患者关于流感及流感疫苗的知识、态度和行为现况及其影响因素。方法依托北京市的艾滋病咨询检测门诊和定点治疗机构,采用方便抽样的方法对2021年4月—12月通过首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院和地坛医院的HIV感染者/AIDS患者进行问卷调查。采用χ^(2)检验、秩和检验和二元logistic回归模型分析HIV感染者/AIDS患者流感相关知识、态度、行为的差异及其影响因素。结果共回收来自HIV感染者/AIDS患者的问卷525例,其中有效问卷521份(99.24%)。调查对象流感相关知识知晓率72.02%(3752/5210),高中或中专及以上文化程度、性取向为同性或异性、当前月收入在10000~20000元的调查对象流感相关知识水平更高;正向态度持有率55.09%(1722/3126),近3年有其他疫苗接种史、流感相关知识水平较高的人群流感相关态度水平更好;正向行为形成率为66.99%(349/521),近3年有其他疫苗接种史的调查对象具有更好的正向行为水平。调查对象过去1年流感疫苗接种率8.64%。结论北京市HIV感染者/AIDS患者流感及流感疫苗的知识、态度、行为水平不高,流感疫苗接种率较低。应加强流感相关知识的宣传,尤其是针对文化程度较低、当前月收入较低的群体进行宣传,以提高该人群流感知识、态度、行为情况和流感疫苗接种率。Objective To understand the knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)toward influenza and influenza vaccine among HIV/AIDS patients in Beijing,and to discuss it’s influencing factors.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among HIV/AIDS patients in Beijing You’an hospital and Ditan hospital from April to December 2021,recruited in HIV/AIDS counseling clinics and treatment institutions in Beijing through an online Sojump platform.χ^(2) test rank sum test and logistic regression model were used for data statistical analysis.Results A total of 525 questionnaires from HIV/AIDS patients were collocted,of which 521 were valid(99.24%).The awareness rate for influenza related knowledge was 72.01%,and education level,sexual orientation and current monthly income were the associated factors.55.09%of respondents had positive attitude toward influenza and influenza vaccine,history of having other vaccines in recent 3 years and flu-related knowledge level were the major associated factors.66.99%of respondents behaved well toward influenza and influenza vaccine,especially those had vaccination history.In the past year,only 8.64%of participants received flu shots.Conclusions The overall KAP levels of HIV/AIDS patients in Beijing about influenza and influenza vaccine are not high,and the vaccination rate of influenza vaccine is low.Therefore,education on flurelated knowledge should be strengthened,especially among those with low education level,low income and with no vaccination history so as to improve the flu-related knowledge,practice and vaccination rate of HIV/AIDS in Beijing.

关 键 词：艾滋病 流感 流感疫苗 知识、态度、行为 影响因素 

分 类 号：R512[医药卫生—内科学]