新疆生产建设兵团人群乙肝血清学流行状况及影响因素分析  

Analysis of serological epidemic and influencing factors of hepatitis B in people of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps

作　　者：米莎莎[1] 郝启迪 鲁梦婷[1] 李凡卡[1] MI Sha-sha;HAO Qi-di;LU Meng-ting;LI Fan-ka(不详;The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆生产建设兵团疾病预防控制中心,乌鲁木齐830002 [2]陕西中医药大学第二附属医院,西安712000

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2022年第3期28-31,66,共5页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

基　　金：2014年兵团卫生科技计划项目(兵卫发[2014]58号)。

摘　　要：目的了解新疆生产建设兵团(简称兵团)人群乙型病毒性肝炎(简称乙肝)的感染及疫苗接种情况,并分析影响因素,为控制当地乙肝流行提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,于2018年抽取新疆兵团6个师的常住人口入户调查并抽取静脉血,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)进行血清学检测,以单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析影响因素。结果共调查2420人,乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性率、抗乙肝病毒表面抗原抗体(抗-HBs)阳性率和抗乙肝病毒核心抗原抗体(抗-HBc)阳性率分别为1.98%,67.31%,32.93%。HBsAg阳性率随年龄增加呈升高趋势(趋势χ^(2)=16.730,P<0.05),南疆、北疆和东疆分别为2.82%,1.36%,1.21%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.891,P<0.05);抗-HBc阳性率随年龄增加呈升高趋势(趋势χ^(2)=207.118,P<0.05)。乙肝疫苗接种率随年龄增加呈下降趋势(趋势χ^(2)=349.918,P<0.05),1岁~组儿童最高(99.60%),29岁及以上组最低(57.01%)。共用牙刷、有输血史是HBsAg阳性的危险因素,接种疫苗是感染乙肝的保护因素。结论新疆兵团的儿童乙肝防控工作已取得明显成效,应进一步加强成人乙肝防控工作。Objective To understand the status of infection and vaccination of hepatitis B,analyze the influencing factors in the people of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(Xinjiang Corps),and provide basis for controlling the local epidemic of hepatitis B.Methods The questionnaire survey and blood draw were carried out in the objects selected with multi-stage stratified random sampling method in the permanent population among 6 divisions of Xinjiang Corps,2018.The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used for serological examination.The influencing factors of HBsAg positive were analyzed with univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis method.Results There were 2420 people surveyed with the positive rates of HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HBC of 1.98%,67.31%and 32.93%.The positive rates of HBsAg showed increasing trend with the age(trendχ^(2)=16.730,P<0.05),and were 2.82%in south Xinjiang,1.36%in north Xinjiang and 1.21%in east Xinjiang,with statistical difference(χ^(2)=6.891,P<0.05).The positive rates of anti-HBC showed increasing trend with the age(trendχ^(2)=207.118,P<0.05).The vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine showed decreasing trend with the age(trendχ^(2)=349.918,P<0.05),was highest(99.60%)in the age group of 1-year,and lowest(57.01%)in the age group of 29 years and older.Sharing toothbrush and blood transfusion were the risk factors of HBsAg positive,and vaccination was the protective factor of HBV infection.Conclusions The prevention and control of hepatitis B has gotten significant effect in the children of Xinjiang Corps.The prevention and control of hepatitis B should be further strengthened in adults.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 血清流行病学 疫苗 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学]