风速分辨率对土壤风蚀模数计算结果的影响  

Influence of spatial-temporal resolution of wind speed data on calculation result of soil wind erosion modulus

作　　者：张莉[1] 李继峰[1,2] 常春平[1] 郭中领[1] 刘珺 王仁德[3] 李庆[3] 王旭洋 Zhang Li;Li Jifeng;Chang Chunping;Guo Zhongling;Liu Jun;Wang Rende;Li Qing;Wang Xuyang(School of Geographical Sciences/,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China;Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China;Institute of Geographical Sciences,Hebei Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050021,China)

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学,地理科学学院,河北石家庄050024 [2]河北师范大学,河北省环境变化遥感识别技术创新中心,河北石家庄050024 [3]河北省科学院地理科学研究所,河北石家庄050021

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2022年第3期21-30,共10页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41901001,41877066,41871002);河北省自然科学基金项目(D2018205192,D2018205212);第三批河北省青年拔尖人才计划项目(13505197)。

摘　　要：风是土壤风蚀的驱动力,风力直接影响土壤风蚀的强度。风速是土壤风蚀预报模型的主要输入参数,高时间分辨率和高空间分辨率的风速数据能提高模型模拟效果。为对比风速处理方法及风速数据时空分辨率对模型模拟结果的影响,基于修正风蚀模型(RWEQ)评估该模型对于各输入参数的敏感性,分别选取中国北方农牧交错带内130个气象站(基准气候站和基本气象站)中不同类型及不同数量的气象站数据,利用线性插值法和风蚀预报系统(WEPS)的WINDGEN风速生成法将1日4次风速数据和1日2类风速数据生成24 h风速数据输入模型,结合1日4次风速数据直接输入模型构建了不同气象站数量及不同风速数据类型的6种模拟情景,计算了研究区在不同模拟情景下的潜在风蚀模数。结果表明:RWEQ模型估算的区域潜在风蚀模数会随气象站点的数量和风速时间分辨率的提升而增加;风速数据的线性插值方法在RWEQ模型中应用效果不理想,与WEPS模型的WINDGEN风速生成方法相比,线性插值法使地面2 m处大于临界起沙风速(5 m·s-1)的风速频率降低,过低估计潜在风蚀模数和区域土壤风蚀状况。Wind is the essential driving force of wind erosion and have a direct impact on the wind erosion intensity by wind speed.Wind speed is one of the vital input parameters of the soil wind erosion model,and high temporal-spatial resolution can improve the performance of model simulation.In order to explore the method of temporal interpolation and wind speed data with different spatial-temporal resolution on the model simulation results,the sensitivity of the RWEQ model to each input parameters had been evaluated and different types of wind data from 130 meteorological observing stations(reference climatological station and basic weather station)were selected in the Agra Pastoral Ecotone of Northern China,four wind speeds and two wind speeds per day are used respectively to generate hourly wind speed by WINDGEN in WEPS and linear interpolation,and with four wind speeds per day without interpolation.Six scenarios were constructed with different wind data types and number of meteorological stations to simulated the potential wind erosion modulus in study area in different scenarios.From the scenarios,the potential wind erosion of RWEQ enhanced as the number of meteorological stations and wind speed resolution increased.Moreover,compared with WINDGEN in WEPS,the method of linear interpolation is unsatisfactory in RWEQ,which caused a remarkable reduce of frequency greater than threshold wind speed(5 m·s-1)at 2 m height and underestimatation of the potential wind erosion and regional soil wind erosion conditions.

关 键 词：风速数据 气象站数量 潜在风蚀模数 RWEQ模型 

分 类 号：P425[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]