草地贪夜蛾对不同品种甘蔗及筒轴茅的取食选择及生长适应性  

Feeding preference and growth adaptability of Spodoptera frugiperda on different sugarcane varieties and Rottboellia cochinchinensis

作　　者：黄芊[1] 覃江梅 黄小凤 钟勇 李成 吴碧球[1] 黄所生[1] 黄凤宽[1] 凌炎[1] 龙丽萍[1] HUANG Qian;QIN Jiangmei;HUANG Xiaofeng;ZHONG Yong;LI Cheng;WU Biqiu;HUANG Suosheng;HUANG Fengkuan;LING Yan;LONG Liping(Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory for Biology of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests,Nanning 530007,China;Baise Modern Agricultural Technology Research and Extension Center in Guangxi,Baise 533612,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室/广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室,广西南宁530007 [2]百色市现代农业技术研究推广中心,广西百色533612

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2022年第5期29-34,共6页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：广西自然科学基金(2020GXNSFAA159063);广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室基金(2020ST-04,2020-ST-07,2019-ST-06);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项/科技发展基金(2020YM74,2021YT072,2020ZX05,2020ZX06)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda对甘蔗和筒轴茅的取食偏好及生长适应性。【方法】通过取食选择性试验和构建试验种群生命表,以2个糖蔗品种(‘桂糖42号’和‘台糖22号’)、2个果蔗品种(‘桂果蔗1号’和‘黄皮果蔗’)及蔗田常见杂草筒轴茅作为研究对象,研究草地贪夜蛾对不同品种甘蔗及筒轴茅的取食选择及生长适应性。【结果】草地贪夜蛾各龄幼虫在糖蔗和果蔗间更趋向取食果蔗,其中在‘桂果蔗1号’上的取食选择率大多显著高于其他供试品种;在‘桂果蔗1号’和筒轴茅上选择取食时,对筒轴茅有显著的趋向性。草地贪夜蛾幼虫期存活率在筒轴茅上最高,为66%;其次为‘桂果蔗1号’,存活率为12%;在其余品种甘蔗上,低龄幼虫时就已全部死亡。草地贪夜蛾在筒轴茅上能够完成生活史,试验种群内禀增长率(r_(m))和周限增长率(λ)分别为1.16和1.52。【结论】相对于甘蔗,草地贪夜蛾更嗜好取食筒轴茅,并且对筒轴茅有更强的适应性。【Objective】To clarify the feeding preference and growth adaptability of Spodoptera frugiperda on sugarcane and Rottboellia cochinchinensis.【Method】Two sugarcane varieties(‘Guitang 42’and‘Taitang 22’),two fruit cane varieties(‘Guiguozhe 1’and‘Yellow skin sugarcane’),and a common weed of R.cochinchinensis in sugarcane field were selected as the research objects.Through the feeding preference experiment and constructing the life table of the experimental population,the feeding preference and growth adaptability of S.frugiperda on sugarcane and R.cochinchinensis were studied.【Result】The larvae of different instars of S.frugiperda preferred to feed on fruit sugarcane when choosing between sugarcane and fruit sugarcane,and the feeding selection rate on‘Guiguozhe 1’was most significantly higher than those of other tested varieties.The larvae of S.frugiperda had a significant feeding tendency to R.cochinchinensis when choosing between‘Guiguozhe 1’and R.cochinchinensi.The larval survival rate of S.frugiperda on R.cochinchinensis was the highest,which was 66%,followed by 12%on‘Guiguozhe 1’.On other sugarcane varieties,S.frugiperda had died in the period of low instar.The life cycle of S.frugiperda could be completed on R.cochinchinensis,and the intrinsic rate of increase(r_(m))and finite rate of increase(λ)were 1.16 and 1.52,respectively.【Conclusion】Compared with sugarcane,S.frugiperda preferes to feed on R.cochinchinensis and has higher adaptability.

关 键 词：草地贪夜蛾 甘蔗 筒轴茅 取食选择 适应性 

分 类 号：S435.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]