利用差异代谢组学分析寻找海洋防污天然小分子  

The search for natural small molecules for marine anti-fouling by differential metabolomics analysis

作　　者：聂琦 黄婕 刘宗玄 吉鸿睿 潘雨声 张治洲 NIE Qi;HUANG Jie;LIU Zongxuan;JI Hongrui;PAN Yusheng;ZHANG Zhizhou(School of Marine Science and Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Weihai 264209,China;Marine Antifouling Engineering Technology Center of Shandong Province,Weihai 264209,China;School of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Shenzhen 518000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学(威海)海洋科学与技术学院,威海264209 [2]山东省海洋船舶防污工程技术研究中心,威海264209 [3]哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)土木与环境工程学院,深圳518000

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2022年第3期683-692,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31071170);山东省重点研发计划项目(2016GSF115022);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2018MC002);威海市科技创新项目(WH2018019,WH2020008)资助。

摘　　要：海洋防污性能较好的涂层表面生物膜中是否含有某些代谢小分子,可以驱赶污损生物幼虫附着,值得持续探索.使用6种碳纳米管(carbon nanotubes,CNTs)和氯化橡胶防锈漆制备复合防污涂层,得到具有不同的防污性能的两类涂层.采集涂层表面生物膜样本,利用GC-MS和LC-MS/MS的非靶向代谢组学,发现较好涂层中有43种代谢物含量显著高于较差涂层,涉及的差异代谢通路主要包括β-丙氨酸代谢、苯丙氨酸代谢、嘧啶代谢和精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢.选购5种(carnosine、1-hexadecanol、N-acetyl-L-phenylalanine、spermidine、glutaric acid)小分子添加到较差涂层中进行挂板试验,结果显示这些小分子并未显著提高防污性能;同时测定了几种主要污损生物(藤壶、牡蛎、海鞘、贻贝、草苔虫、管虫)的代谢组成分,发现主要污损生物代谢组数据中含量匮乏的5种小分子(A:D-glucose;B:glycine;C:L-alanine;D:chitosan;E:azithromycin dihydrate),作为涂层添加剂却可以起到提高防污性能的作用,其中CD、E和ACD的抑制率分别可达61.91%、58.41%和54.12%.本研究基于差异代谢组学技术寻找污损生物代谢组学成分中含量匮乏的小分子,发现了新的有潜力的防污试剂.(图5表4参56)The potential presence of small metabolites that can repel the larvae of fouling organisms in the biofilm of the coating surface with good anti-fouling performance is worth exploring.In this study,six kinds of carbon nanotubes(CNTs)and chlorinated rubber anti-rust paint were used to prepare composite antifouling coatings.Two groups of coatings were found:group 1 with high anti-fouling scores and group 2 with low ones.The two groups of early fouling biofilm samples were collected and subjected to GC-MS and LC-MS/MS non-targeted metabolomics analyses.Forty-three metabolites that had significantly higher concentrations in group 1 than in group 2 were discovered.These metabolites are involved mainly in theβ-alanine,phenylalanine,pyrimidine,arginine,and proline metabolism pathways.Five of them(carnosine,1-hexadecanol,N-acetyl-L-phenylalanine,spermidine,and glutaric acid)were added to group 2 coatings in a panel hanging test,but these did not significantly improve the anti-fouling performance.However,we found five molecules(A:D-glucose;B:glycine;C:L-alanine;D:chitosan;and E:Azithromycin dihydrate)that were deficient in the metabolome data of several main fouling organisms(barnacle,oyster,ascidean,mussel,bryozoan,and tube worm)and improved antifouling performance when added to the control coatings.The inhibitory rates of CD,E,and ACD were 61.91%,58.41%,and 54.12%,respectively.Finding novel anti-fouling reagents from low-concentration metabolites in macrobiofouler metabolomes based on differential metabolomics is therefore feasible.

关 键 词：海洋防污 碳纳米管 代谢组学 生物膜 代谢小分子 

分 类 号：P75[天文地球—海洋科学] U672.72[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]