《千万别丢下我》中克隆人的伦理困境  

The Clones’Ethical Dilemma in Never Let Me Go

作　　者：赵燕娇 Yanjiao Zhao(School of Foreign Languages,Peking University,Beijing,China.)

机构地区：[1]北京大学外国语学院,北京100871

出　　处：《外国语言与文化》2022年第1期51-60,共10页Foreign Languages and Cultures

摘　　要：石黑一雄《千万别丢下我》中克隆人“非自然死亡”的“宿命”,从存在主义哲学层面启发我们反思克隆人存在的伦理困境。本文以巴特勒和阿甘本的相关论述为理论参照,从克隆人的身份界定难题、生命权力困境和生存抉择之难三个维度全面剖析克隆人存在的伦理困境。如奥德拉德克一样,克隆人处在“人”和“动物”两个物种的居间状态,沦为巴特勒笔下的“非人”;此外,克隆人所处的“包容性排除”状态使其成为阿甘本笔下的“赤裸生命”;面对被设计的人生,克隆人选择在短暂的一生做“可活的生命”,这一悲怆哀婉的抉择进一步凸显了克隆人的生存难题,暗含作家对边缘人群生命权力的人文关怀,同时引发我们对当代生物技术发展伦理导向的反思。The clones in Kazuo Ishiguro’s Never Let Me Go have to face the destiny of“untimely death,”thus leading to our reflection on the clones’ethical dilemma from the perspective of existentialism.This paper analyzes the clones’ethical dilemma from their crisis in identity,biological power and existential choice,on the basis of Judith Butler’s and Giorgio Agamben’s philosophical theories.Just like Odradek,the clones are defined as neither“human”nor“animal”but in the mid-state as of existence,becoming“non-human”in Butler’s words.Besides,the clones’living“state of exception”makes them Agamben’s“Homo Sacer”:facing designed life,the clones all choose to be“a livable life”,and that pathetic and mournful choice further highlights their existential predicament,implying Ishiguro’s humanistic concerns for the marginalized,and meanwhile,calling into question the modern trend of biotechnology when scientific development confronts human ethics.

关 键 词：《千万别丢下我》 克隆人 “非人” 伦理 

分 类 号：I561[文学—其他各国文学]