2001—2021年中国儿童青少年过敏性鼻炎患病率的Meta分析  

Prevalence of allergic rhinitis in Chinese children from 2001 to 2021:Meta analysis

作　　者：王睿坤 梁洁琼[1] 韩伟[2] 王文鹏[3] 陆颖霞[1] 谷庆隆[1] Wang Ruikun;Liang Jieqiong;Han Wei;Wang Wenpeng;Lu Yingxia;Gu Qinglong(Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,Children′s Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing 100020,China;Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,School of Basic Medicine,Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;Department of Epidemiology,Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京100020 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院基础医学研究所流行病学与卫生统计学系,北京100730 [3]首都儿科研究所流行病学研究室,北京100020

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2022年第6期784-793,共10页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：北京市医院管理中心儿科学科协同发展中心专项经费资助(XTZD20180102)。

摘　　要：目的分析2001—2021年中国儿童青少年过敏性鼻炎(AR)患病率情况,为防治儿童青少年AR提供数据支持。方法以过敏性鼻炎、变应性鼻炎、儿童、青少年、幼儿、患病率、流行病学、allergic rhinitis、children、adolescent、infant、prevalence、epidemiology为主要检索词,采用主题词与自由词结合的方法,在中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库、万方数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、The Cochrane Library进行检索,并通过追溯纳入文献的参考文献补充收集。检索时间范围为2001年1月1日至2021年12月31日。由两位研究者独立筛选文献、提取数据并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用Stata 16.0软件进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入文献20篇,总样本量为54886例。纳入研究存在较大异质性,按照随机效应模型合并的总患病率为18.46%(95%CI:14.34%~22.59%)。亚组分析显示,2012—2021年合并患病率(19.75%)高于2001—2011年合并患病率(14.81%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);地区患病率从高到低依次为:华东(22.77%)、华北(20.82%)、西北(17.77%)、华中(16.62%)、西南(16.33%)、东北(16.16%)、华南(7.29%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);男性患病率(20.73%)高于女性患病率(16.34%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);汉族患病率(17.31%)高于少数民族患病率(15.93%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论中国儿童青少年AR患病率较高,不同时间、地区、性别、民族的儿童青少年AR患病率有差异。Objective To analyze the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in Chinese children from 2001 to 2021,in order to provide data support for the prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis in children.Methods"Allergic rhinitis""children""adolescent""infant""prevalence""epidemiology"were used in the main search terms.The combination of Mesh words and free words was adopted.CNKI,CBM,VIP,WanFang Data,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase and The Cochrane Library for publications between January 1,2001 and December 31,2021 were searched systemically and data were extracted from eligible studies by two independent reviewers.Supplementary collection was made by identifying retrospective references from the included literature.After study quality assessment,Meta analysis was completed using Stata 16.0 software.Results A total of 20 cross-sectional studies were included,involving 54886 cases.Meta analysis results showed that the overall prevalence of allergic rhinitis among the participants was 18.46%(95%CI:14.34%-22.59%).Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of allergic rhinitis from 2012 to 2021(19.75%)was higher than that from 2001 to 2011(14.81%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The prevalence of different regions from high to low was East China(22.77%),North China(20.82%),Northwest China(17.77%),Central China(16.62%),Southwest China(16.33%),Northeast China(16.16%)and South China(7.29%)respectively,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The prevalence of male(20.73%)was higher than that of female(16.34%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The prevalence of Han nationality(17.31%)was higher than that of ethnic minorities(15.93%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion The prevalence of allergic rhinitis in Chinese children is high and the prevalence in children varies by publication year,region,sex and nationality.

关 键 词：过敏性鼻炎 儿童 患病率 荟萃分析 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]