利用花培与辐照诱变培育粳型两系不育系江79S  

Breeding of the Photoperiod/Temperature-Sensitive Genic Male Sterile Line Jiang 79S by Using Anther Culture and Irradiation Technology

作　　者：谭瑗瑗[1] 汪庆 富昊伟[3] 张渭章 吴三玲 舒庆尧[1] TAN Yuanyuan;WANG Qing;FU Haowei;ZHANG Weizhang;WU Sanling;SHU Qingyao(Institute of Crop Science,Zhejiang University/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310058;Wuxi Hupper Biological Seed Industry Technology Institute,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214100;Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiaxing,Zhejiang 314024;hejiang Zhijiang Seed Company,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 311107;Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310058)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学作物科学研究所/国家水稻生物重点实验室,浙江杭州310058 [2]无锡哈勃生物种业技术研究院有限公司,江苏无锡214100 [3]嘉兴市农业科学研究院,浙江嘉兴314024 [4]浙江之豇种业有限责任公司,浙江杭州311107 [5]浙江大学农生环测试平台,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《核农学报》2022年第6期1073-1079,共7页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：兰州重离子加速器国家实验室HIRFL用户培育项目(HIR19PY012);浙江省“十四五”农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02063-2)。

摘　　要：为创制新的两系不育系,并将其应用于强优势杂交水稻品种培育,综合利用花培和诱变技术培育了粳稻两系不育系江79S。取培矮64S/粳稻H179的F_(1)幼穗,利用花药培养技术培育获得一个粳型光温敏不育系S79;后采用高能碳离子束处理S79干种子,在其后代中选育了一个熟期突变体GS79(江79S),其在长日照和短日照条件下始穗表现不同,分别较S79早7 d左右和迟5 d左右。观察江79S的育性转换特性,发现其在嘉兴种植时,每年9月8日左右开始出现可育花粉并开始结实;在陵水种植时,植株正常结实且结实率达80%以上。人工气候箱光温敏特性鉴定结果表明,江79S在长日照条件下育性转换温度低于23.5℃。稻米品质和抗性鉴定结果为江79S米质达农业部(现农业农村部)部颁三级优质米标准,苗叶期抗稻瘟病。对江79S进行全基因组测序,分析发现其携带源自农垦58S的光敏不育基因pms1和pms3,且含携带抗稻瘟病基因pi21、Pia、Pid3和Pita,与其高抗苗瘟的特性相一致。以江79S配制的亚种间杂交水稻品种江两优7901通过了国家主要农作物品种审定。本研究结果为综合运用花培和辐照诱变技术培育新两系不育系材料提供了研究方法。To generate new two-line male sterile lines which can be used to breed elite hybrid varieties,a japonica photoperiod/temperature-sensitive male sterile(PTGMS)line Jiang 79 S was generated by anther culture and irradiation.Firstly,a japonica PTGMS line S79 was generated through another culture of F_(1)hybrids derived from Peiai 64 S and japonica line H179.Then its dry seeds were treated by high energy carbon ion beam,a mutant line GS79(Jiang 79 S)with changed heading date was obtained.Under the long-day condition,Jiang 79 S started heading~7 days earlier than S79,while under the short-day condition,Jiang 79 S headed~5 days later than S79.Jiang 79 S showed partial to complete fertility after the September 8 and set seeds in Jiaxing.While in Lingshui,Jiang 79 S showed normal fertility with seed set rates higher than 80%.A photoperiod/temperature sensitivity test in phytotron showed that the fertility transition temperature was lower than 23.5℃under long-day condition.The whole genome sequencing of GS79 showed that besides the photosensitive male sterile genes pms1 and pms3 derived from its progenitor Nongken 58 S,it also carries rice blast resistance genes pi21,Pia,Pid3 and Pita,which corroborates its high seedling blast resistance.The inter subspecific hybrid rice“Jiangliangyou 7901”from Jiang 79 S has completed the national new variety trial test and been nationally approved.The results provide methods for breeding new two-line male lines by comprehensive use of anther culture and irradiation mutation technology.

关 键 词：江79S 光温敏不育系 花培 辐照诱变 粳稻 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]