子午岭黑山羊MHCⅡ类基因第二外显子遗传变异分析  

Genetic Variation in Exon 2 of MHCⅡGene in Ziwuling Black Goat

作　　者：宋晓越 吴仪凡 艾需 李增辉 赵森 李新春[1,2] 陈生会 屈雷 Song Xiaoyue;Wu Yifan;Ai Xu;Li Zenghui;Zhao Sen;Li Xinchun;Chen Shenghui;Qu Lei(Shaanxi Province Engineering&Technology Research Center of Shanbei Cashmere Goats,Yulin University,Yulin,719000;Shaanxi Province"Four Subjects One Union"Sheep and Goat Engineering&Technology University&Enterprise Alliance Research Center,Shenmu,719300)

机构地区：[1]陕西省陕北绒山羊工程技术研究中心,榆林学院,榆林719000 [2]陕西省“四主体一联合”肉羊工程技术校企联合研究中心,神木719300

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2022年第1期20-27,共8页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(19JK1004);陕西省高校科协青年人才托举计划项目(20190208);榆林学院博士科研启动项目(17GK22);榆林市科技计划项目(2019-103-4)共同资助。

摘　　要：本研究通过对30只子午岭黑山羊(Capra hircus)主要组织相容性复合体(major histocompatibility complex,MHC)Ⅱ类基因第二外显子的遗传变异分析,旨在探究子午岭黑山羊MHCⅡ类基因的多态性,从而评估其种群发展趋势,为MHCⅡ类基因与生长性能和疾病抗性的相关性研究奠定基础,促进子午岭黑山羊的保护和开发利用。结果共获得4种MHCⅡ类基因的第二外显子序列,包括DQA2、DRB1、DQB2和DRA。多态性分析发现除DRA外,其他基因多态性均较丰富。在长期的进化过程中,DRB1和DQB2基因受到了明显的选择压力作用,这种选择作用有助于子午岭黑山羊对当地气候的适应。子午岭黑山羊各项体尺指标均比陕北白绒山羊低,结合等位基因、基因型频率差异发现:DQA2基因型在两个群体中的分布差异显著(P<0.05);DRB1的等位基因和基因型在两个群体中的分布差异极显著(P<0.01)。本次对子午岭黑山羊MHCⅡ类基因多态性的研究有助于筛选生长或疾病抗性相关的MHC候选基因,进而可促进子午岭黑山羊的保护和品系改良的进程。This study analyzed genetic variation of major histocompatibility complex(MHC)Ⅱgene exon 2 in 30 Ziwuling black goats,in order to obtain the information of MHCⅡgene polymorphisms and the relationship between MHCⅡgene and the body size traits of Ziwuling black goat,so as to evaluate the population development trend and lay a foundation for the research on the correlation between MHCⅡgene and growth performance or disease resistance,and promote the protection,development and utilization of Ziwuling black goat.A total of 4 kinds of MHCⅡgene exon 2 sequences were obtained,including DQA2,DRB1,DQB2 and DRA.Polymorphism analysis found that gene polymorphisms were abundant except DRA.During the long-term evolution,DRB1 and DQB2 genes were subjected to obvious selection pressure,which contributed to the adaptation of Ziwuling black goats to local climate.The body size indexes of Ziwuling black goats were lower than those of Shanbei white cashmere goats.It was found that the distribution of DQA2 genotype of two populations was different at 0.05 level and the distribution of DRB1 allele and genotype of two populations was different at 0.01 level.The study on MHC gene polymorphism of Ziwuling black goats can help to screen MHC candidate genes related to growth or disease resistance,and thus promote the protection and strain improvement of Ziwuling black goats.

关 键 词：子午岭黑山羊 MHCⅡ类基因 遗传变异 种质资源保护 

分 类 号：S827.2[农业科学—畜牧学]