中国荷斯坦牛DQA2基因遗传多态性及其与泌乳性状的关联研究  

Genetic Polymorphism of the DQA2 Gene in Chinese Holstein Cattle and Its Association with Lactation Traits

作　　者：李耀东 陈朗 米小梅 黄国明 姜涛 王瑞 张丽[1] 刘丽霞[1] Li Yaodong;Chen Lang;Mi Xiaomei;Huang Guoming;Jiang Tao;Wang Rui;Zhang Li;Liu Lixia(College of Life Science and Engineering,Northwest Minzu University,Lanzhou,730030)

机构地区：[1]西北民族大学生命科学与工程学院

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2022年第1期28-33,共6页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：西北民族大学引进人才科研项目(Z15124);西北民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(31920180005,31920200074)共同资助。

摘　　要：为了研究荷斯坦牛DQA2基因外显子4多态性及其与泌乳性状之间的相关性,本研究利用PCR-SSCP方法,对荷斯坦牛DQA2基因的外显子4序列进行了多态性检测,并对其与泌乳性状的关联进行分析。结果显示:荷斯坦牛在DQA2基因外显子4序列上有4个多态位点,共检测到3个等位基因(A,B,C)和5种基因型(AA,BB,CC,BC,AB),其中A为优势等位基因,AA基因型为优势基因型。群体遗传参数分析结果表明,荷斯坦牛DQA2基因外显子4纯合度较高,属于高度多态基因,且极显著偏离了Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P<0.01)。关联分析表明:荷斯坦牛DQA2基因外显子4的BB基因型对荷斯坦牛体细胞评分有显著影响(P<0.05),对乳脂率和乳蛋白率也具有一定的影响,DQA2基因可能是改良中国荷斯坦牛乳腺炎和泌乳性状的遗传标记。本研究结果可为中国荷斯坦牛分子遗传标记的筛选提供理论依据。In order to study the polymorphism of exon 4 of DQA2 gene in Holstein cattle and its correlation with lactation traits,PCR-SSCP method was used to detect the polymorphism of exon 4 of DQA2 gene in Holstein cattle,and further the relationship between exon 4 DQA2 gene and lactation traits was analyzed.The results showed that 4 polymorphic locus,three alleles(A,B,C)and five genotypes(AA,BB,CC,BC,AB)were detected,allele A and genotype AA was dominant.The results of population genetic parameters analysis showed homozygosty of exon 4 of DQA2 gene in Holstein cattle was high,polymorphism was abundant,and which deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium significantly(P<0.01).Correlation analysis showed that genotype BB of exon 4 of DQA2 gene in Holstein cattle had significant influence on somatic cell score(P<0.05),and also had certain influence on milk fat rate and milk protein rate,DQA2 gene might be a genetic marker for improving mastitis and lactation traits of Holstein cattle.The results of this study provide theoretical basis for screening molecular genetic markers for Holstein cattle.

关 键 词：中国荷斯坦牛 DQA2 遗传多态性 泌乳性状 

分 类 号：S823.2[农业科学—畜牧学]