心率在评价高原体力劳动强度中的应用  

Application of heart rate in evaluating physical labor intensity at high altitude

作　　者：杜奕熠 齐海汇 田宇 张尧[2] 罗丽霞 周鼎伦[1] DU Yi-yi;QI Hai-hui;TIAN Yu;ZHANG Yao;LUO Li-xia;ZHOU Ding-lun(不详;West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院,610041 [2]四川电力医院 [3]重庆精神卫生中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2022年第13期2330-2334,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的心率可反映体力劳动强度,但应用于评价高原体力劳动强度的研究不多。本文探讨将心率指标用于高原体力劳动强度评价的可行性。方法在不同海拔高度,使用功率车模拟阶梯式递增劳动负荷,运动心肺功能测试仪收集某电力公司共计73名男性工人在不同负荷的心率指标,包括心率绝对值、心率增加值、心率储备百分比(%HRR)。比较不同海拔递增负荷的心率指标变化,及达第一通气无氧阈(VT1)、第二通气无氧阈(VT2)时的心率。结果心率绝对值、心率增加值、%HRR都随着运动负荷的增加而增加,差异有统计学意义(F分别为和666.053,P值均<0.001),海拔之间差异无统计学意义(F=2.593,P=0.061;F=0.248,P=0.862;F=0.478,P=0.699)。在达到VT1和VT2时,各项心率指标都随海拔升高而下降,在VT2时下降更加明显;从平原到高原,各心率指标随海拔增高而下降幅度缩小。%HRR随海拔增加而下降。达到VT1时,平原的%HRR约40%,至4000~5000 m时约33%;达到VT2时,平原的%HRR约75%,在4000~5000 m时约60%。结论心率用于评价高原体力劳动强度时,需考虑海拔、个体差异及年龄的影响,用%HRR并结合VT1、VT2进行体力劳动分级效果最好。Objective To discusses the feasibility of applying heart rate index to the evaluation of physical labor intensity at high altitude,given that heart rate can reflect physical labor intensity,but there are few studies on evaluating physical labor intensity at high altitude.Methods At different altitudes,a power car was used to simulate step-by-step increasing labor load,and the exercise cardiopulmonary function tester was used to collect the heart rate indexes of 73 male workers working at different altitudes in a power company.The index included absolute value of heart rate,increased value of heart rate and percentage of heart rate reserve(%HRR).The changes of heart rate indexes under increasing load at different altitudes and the heart rate at the first ventilatory anaerobic threshold(VT1)and the second ventilatory anaerobic threshold(VT2)were compared.Results The absolute value of heart rate,increased value of heart rate and%HRR at different altitudes all increased with the increase of exercise load,the difference was statistically significant(F was 645.003,645.003 and 666.053,respectively,P<0.001),and there was no statistically significant difference among different altitudes(F=2.593,P=0.061;F=0.248,P=0.862;F=0.478,P=0.699).When reaching VT1 and VT2,all heart rate indexes decreased with the increase of altitude,especially at VT2.From plain to plateau,each heart rate index decreased with the increase of altitude,but the range decreased.%HRR decreased with the increase of altitude.When reaching VT1,the%HRR of the plain is about 40%,and when reaching 4000-5000 m,it is about 33%.The%HRR of the plain is about 75%at VT2 and about 60%at 4000-5000 m.Conclusion When heart rate is used to evaluate the physical labor intensity at high altitude,the effects of altitude,individual differences and age should be considered.%HRR combined with VT1 and vt2 has the best effect on physical labor classification.

关 键 词：高原 劳动强度 通气无氧阈 心率 

分 类 号：R134[医药卫生—劳动卫生]