纳米SiO_(2)改性聚氨酯注浆材料的制备及性能研究  

Preparation and properties of polyurethane grouting material modified by nano-SiO_(2)

作　　者：贾小盼 栗莎 马瑞彦[1] 杜慧慧[1] 姚彦娜 JIA Xiaopan;LI Sha;MA Ruiyan;DU Huihui;YAO Yanna(School of Civil Engineering, Hebei College of Engineering and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050091,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程技术学院土木工程学院,石家庄050091

出　　处：《功能材料》2022年第7期7232-7236,共5页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52005005);河北省高等学校科学技术研究重点项目(ZD2019312)。

摘　　要：采用原位聚合法,通过掺入不同含量(0,2%,4%和6%)(质量分数)的纳米SiO_(2),制备了纳米SiO_(2)改性聚氨酯注浆材料。通过电子密度计、黏度计、电子万能试验机和SEM等对该材料的密度、包水性、凝胶时间、力学性能和微观形貌等进行了测试表征。结果表明,随着纳米SiO_(2)含量的增加,改性聚氨酯注浆材料的密度、黏度、固含量、凝胶时间和包水性均呈现出逐渐增大的趋势。当纳米SiO_(2)的含量为6%(质量分数)时,试样的密度、黏度、凝胶时间、固含量、包水性和压缩强度均达到了最大值,分别为1.21 g/mol,1769 mPa·s,140.8 s,78%,53.9 s和0.115 MPa;随着纳米SiO_(2)含量的增加,改性聚氨酯注浆材料的遇水膨胀率和发泡率均呈现出逐渐减小的趋势,当纳米SiO_(2)的含量为6%(质量分数)时,试样的遇水膨胀率和发泡率达到了最小值,分别为811.2%和150.5%;SEM分析发现,未掺杂纳米SiO_(2)的聚氨酯注浆材料的尺寸分布不均匀,并且有明显的缺口,掺入适量纳米SiO_(2)后,改性聚氨酯注浆材料的尺寸明显变小,且分布较为均匀,缺口的分布也明显减少,但掺入较多纳米SiO_(2)时,在局部区域有团聚和尺寸变大的现象。综合来看,纳米SiO_(2)的掺入使聚氨酯注浆材料的综合性能得到了明显改善,纳米SiO_(2)的最佳掺杂比例为6%(质量分数)。Polyurethane grouting materials modified by nano-SiO_(2) were prepared by in-situ polymerization with different contents of nano-SiO_(2)(0,2wt%,4wt%and 6wt%).The density,water content,gel time,mechanical properties and microstructure of the material were characterized by electronic densitometer,viscometer,electronic universal testing machine and SEM.The results showed that with the increased of nano SiO_(2) content,the density,viscosity,solid content,gel time and water content of the modified polyurethane grouting material showed a trend of gradual increased.When the content of nano SiO_(2) was 6wt%,the density,viscosity,gel time,solid content,water content and compressive strength of the samples reached the maximum value of 1.21 g/mol,1769 mPa·s,140.8 s,78%,53.9 s and 0.115 MPa,respectively.With the increased of Nano-SiO_(2) content,the water swelling rate and foaming rate of the modified polyurethane grouting material showed a decreasing trend.When the content of Nano-SiO_(2) was 6wt%,the water swelling rate and foaming rate of the sample reached the minimum,which were 811.2%and 150.5%respectively.SEM analysis showed that the size distribution of polyurethane grouting material without nano-SiO_(2) was uneven,and there were obvious gaps,the size of the modified polyurethane grouting material became smaller and the distribution was more uniform after adding appropriate amount of Nano-SiO_(2),however,when more nano-SiO_(2) was added,the agglomeration and size increased in the local area.In general,the comprehensive properties of polyurethane grouting materials were improved by adding nano-SiO_(2),and the optimal doping ratio of Nano-SiO_(2) was 6wt%.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 注浆材料 纳米SiO_(2) 凝胶时间 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]