宁夏红柳沟流域水沙变化及产沙分析  

Analysis of water and sediment variation and sediment yield in Hongliugou watershed in Ningxia

作　　者：岳志春 宋天华 金晓勇 Yue Zhichun;Song Tianhua;Jin Xiaoyong(Ningxia Flood and Drought Disaster Prevention Center,Yinchuan 750001,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏水旱灾害防御中心,宁夏银川750001 [2]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《农业科学研究》2022年第2期89-96,共8页Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“黄河下游河道与滩区治理研究”(2016YFC042500)。

摘　　要：利用统计法计算分析红柳沟流域水、沙的变化趋势。结果表明:红柳沟多年平均水、沙量分别为0.133亿m^(3)、0.0272亿t,水沙量呈减少趋势,且主要集中在汛期。1958—2015年各降水特征值的拟合趋势线表明,除年雨量、汛期雨量、>25 mm雨量呈略微增大趋势外,其余均呈减小趋势,但变化趋势均不显著。1959—2015年红柳沟流域年径流量—年降雨量关系基本一致。1989—2002年这一时期流域增沙量远远高于降水增幅,这表明该时期生产开发建设规模较大,人为的新增水土流失量较多;2003—2015年,流域输沙量较前一时期大幅降低,尤其是2010—2015年年雨量较基准对比时期增大20.4%,而实测年输沙量较基准对比时期减小7.0%,这表明水土保持治理成效逐渐显现。Aiming at the problem of water and sediment changes in Hongliugou,based on hydraulics and river sediment dynamics,statistical methods are used to analyze and calculate the water and sediment changes in Hongliugou watershed and the sediment reduction index of water and soil conservation measures on slopes.The results showed that the annual average water and sediment volume of Hongliugou was 133.3 million m3 and 0.0272 million t,respectively,and the volume of water and sediment showed a decreasing trend and concentrated in the flood season.The fitted trend line of each rainfall characteristic value from 1958 to 2015 shows that the annual rainfall,the rainfall during the flood season,and the rainfall greater than 25mm showed a slight increase trend,while the rest all showed a slight but not significant decrease trend.From 1959 to 2015,the relationship between annual runoff and annual rainfall in the Hongliugou watershed remained basically the same.From 1989 to 2002,the sediment increase in the basin was much higher than the increase in rainfall,indicating that the production and development projects during this period were large in scale and the amount of artificially increased soil erosion was greater;from 2003 to 2015,the sediment transport in the basin was higher than the previous one.The annual rainfall from 2010 to 2015 increased by 20.4%compared with the baseline comparison period,but the measured annual sediment load decreased by 7.0%compared with the baseline comparison period,indicating that the effectiveness of soil and water conservation governance was gradually emerging.

关 键 词：红柳沟 水沙变化 产沙效益 

分 类 号：P333.4[天文地球—水文科学]