外胚层间充质干细胞的获取及应用  

Acquisition and application of ectodermal mesenchymal stem cells

作　　者：张岐剑 徐希明[1] Zhang Qijian;Xu Ximing(School of Pharmacy,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212000,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学药学院,江苏省镇江市212000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2023年第6期928-934,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81720108030),项目负责人:徐希明。

摘　　要：背景:外胚层间充质干细胞是一种成体干细胞,获取便捷、来源丰富,在机体组织修复与免疫调节等方面发挥着重要作用。目的:总结综述外胚层间充质干细胞获取与应用方面的最新进展。方法:检索Web of Science数据库中相关文章,检索词为“Ectodermal mesenchymal stem cells,Stem cell therapy,Spinal cord injury,Neurodegenerative disease,sepsis”,检索要求为研究原著与综述,检索时限为数据库建库至2021年,筛选出相关文献85篇,结合文献追溯法对所得文献进行分析总结。结果与结论:①外胚层间充质干细胞来源丰富、获取简便,其来源可以是牙组织、鼻黏膜和角膜组织等。与中胚层间充质干细胞相同的是,它们都具备多系分化能力和免疫调节功能。②而外胚层间充质干细胞与牙组织与神经组织具有同源性,因此具备更好的牙细胞、神经细胞分化能力,在牙组织修复、脊髓损伤修复、神经退行性疾病治疗等方面具有独特的优势,因此具备极为广阔的应用前景。③外胚层间充质干细胞的免疫调节功能同样不能忽视,目前虽仅有少量文献报道将其应用于脓毒血症等免疫疾病,但研究发现其免疫调节机制与中胚层间充质干细胞等并无二致,同时其还具备获取方式相对低损伤性等优势,因此外胚层间充质干细胞具有极佳的临床应用前景。BACKGROUND:Ectodermal mesenchymal stem cells are a kind of adult stem cells,which are easy to obtain and abundant in source,and play an important role in tissue repair and immune regulation.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the latest progress in the acquisition and application of ectodermal mesenchymal stem cells.METHODS:Web of Science was searched with the key words of“ectodermal mesenchymal stem cells,stem cell therapy,spinal cord injury,neurodegenerative disease,sepsis”.The indexes were original studies and reviews.The retrieval period was from the establishment of the database to 2021.Totally 85 relevant articles were screened out and analyzed and summarized with the document tracing method.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Ectodermal mesenchymal stem cells are abundant and easy to obtain,and can be derived from dental tissue,nasal mucosa,and corneal tissue.Similar to mesoderm mesenchymal stem cells,they have the ability of multi-line differentiation and immunomodulatory function.(2)Epidermal mesenchymal stem cells share homology with dental tissue and neural tissue.Ectodermal mesenchymal stem cells have better ability of ligaments and nervous tissue differentiation,so they have unique advantages in dental tissue repair,spinal cord injury repair,neurodegenerative disease treatment and so on,so they have a very broad application prospect.(3)Immunomodulatory function of ectodermal mesenchymal stem cells also cannot be ignored.There is only a small amount of literature reports applied to sepsis and other immune diseases,but studies found that its immune regulation mechanism is same as mesoderm mesenchymal stem cells.In the meanwhile,the acquisition of ectodermal mesenchymal stem cells is less invasive;therefore,ectoderm mesenchymal stem cells have excellent prospects of clinical application.

关 键 词：外胚层间充质干细胞 干细胞治疗 牙组织 脊髓损伤 神经退行性疾病 脓毒血症 免疫调节 综述 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R363[医药卫生—临床医学] R364