矿用条形药包轴向爆轰波碰撞聚能特性研究  

Study on Propagation Characteristics of Axial Detonation Wave of Mining Linear Charges

作　　者：缪玉松 郭建 陈翔 王海亮[3] 张义平[4] 孙博闻 MIAO Yusong;GUO Jian;CHEN Xiang;WANG Hailiang;ZHANG Yiping;SUN Bowen(School of Science,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266525,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Blasting Engineering,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,China;College of Safety and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;Mining College,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学理学院,山东青岛266525 [2]江汉大学爆破工程湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430056 [3]山东科技大学安全与环境工程学院,山东青岛266590 [4]贵州大学矿业学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《金属矿山》2022年第7期113-119,共7页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51879135,52604004);山东省自然科学基金项目(编号:ZR2019BA023);爆破工程湖北省重点实验室开放基金项目(编号:BL2021-06)。

摘　　要：针对矿用条形药包爆破坚硬岩石时,常出现大块率高、留有爆破根底的情况,提出了一种改变条形药包爆轰压力分布的双线性对称起爆技术。采用数值模拟与标准试验相结合的方法,分析了双线性对称起爆下条形药包轴向爆轰波的传播特性。研究表明:采用双线性对称起爆时,爆轰波依次产生正反射、斜反射和马赫反射现象,爆轰压力可达到中心点起爆时稳定爆轰压力的1.75倍以上;在药卷中心与起爆点连线相垂直的截面边缘上,爆轰压力值可达到稳定爆轰压力的4.09倍以上;在32~80 mm药卷直径范围内,爆轰波碰撞聚能效果随着药卷直径的增大而增大。与铅壔试验结果对比表明:采用双线性对称起爆时,炸药做功能力相较于中心点起爆方式可提升14.5%(铅壔试验)和17.1%(数值模拟)。研究结果对于爆轰波碰撞聚能机理研究有一定的参考意义,可为降低爆破根底和提升炸药能量利用率提供新思路。A bilinear symmetrical initiation technique is proposed to solve the problem of high bulk rate and bedrock when hard rock blasting.In this paper,the propagation characteristics of axial detonation wave of cylindrical charge under bilinear symmetric initiation are analyzed by combining numerical simulation with the standard test.The numerical simulation results show that the detonation wave produces positive reflection,oblique reflection,and Mach reflection in sequence when the bilinear symmetric initiation is adopted,which can effectively increase the detonation pressure inside the explosive.The detonation pressure can reach more than 1.75 times of the stable detonation pressure at the central point of initiation.Compared with the central point initiation,the detonation pressure value is more than 4.09 times of the stable detonation pressure on the crosssection edge perpendicular to the line between the center of the charge column and the initiation point.In the range of 32~80 mm charge diameter,the cumulative effect of detonation collision increases with the increase of the charge diameter.Compared with the lead block test results,the power capacity of the explosive can be increased by 14.5%(lead block test)and 17.1%(numerical simulation)when using the bilinear symmetric initiation method compared with the central point initiation method.The research results are of certain significance to study the mechanism of detonation collision energy accumulation,and provide a new method of reducing the blasting bedrock and improving the energy utilization rate of explosives.

关 键 词：爆轰聚能 条形药包 爆轰波碰撞 起爆方式 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]