铝土矿选洗矿泥混凝沉降试验及机理研究  

Experimental and Mechanism Research on Coagulation Settlement of Bauxite Ore Dressing Slime

作　　者：韦桥权 成官文[1] 张宇玲 张正林[2] 黄振艺[2] 农国武[2] WEI Qiaoquan;CHENG Guanwen;ZHANG Yuling;ZHANG Zhenglin;HUANG Zhenyi;NONG Guowu(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,China;Guangxi Branch of Aluminum Corporation of China Limited,Pingguo 531400,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广西桂林541006 [2]中国铝业股份有限公司广西分公司,广西平果531400

出　　处：《金属矿山》2022年第7期198-205,共8页Metal Mine

基　　金：广西重点研发计划项目(编号:桂科AB20297039);中国铝业股份有限公司科技攻关项目(编号:gxzz201903)。

摘　　要：铝土矿选洗矿泥具有颗粒细小、带负电、呈流态状、pH呈弱碱性等特点,难以自然沉降。为改善矿泥的混凝沉降效果,以平果铝业三期矿泥为研究对象,考察了聚合氯化铝(PAC)、聚合氯化铁(PFC)和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)对矿泥的混凝沉降性能,并对其作用机理进行了研究。结果表明:投加PAC或PFC使矿泥体系pH降低、电导率升高、矿泥颗粒Zeta电位增大、粒径变小,沉降效果较差,PAC或PFC不适合作为该铝土矿矿泥的混凝剂;阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)主要利用极性基团—CONH_(2)与矿泥中的高岭石和一水硬铝石发生氢键作用,矿泥混凝沉降效果明显,适宜投加量为40~60 g/t,最佳投加量为60 g/t;非离子型聚丙烯酰胺(NPAM)主要利用大分子链缠绕包裹作用,矿泥混凝沉降效果较明显,适宜投加量为50~70 g/t,最佳投加量为70 g/t;阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)主要利用静电吸附作用对矿泥颗粒进行吸附,矿泥混凝沉降效果一般,适宜投加量为60~80 g/t,最佳投加量为80 g/t。Bauxite ore dressing slime has the characteristics of small particles,negatively charged,fluid state and pH of weakly alkaline,which is difficult to settle naturally.In order to improve the coagulation and settlement effect of the slime,take the slime produced in the third stage of Pingguo Aluminum as the research object,investigate the coagulation and settling performance of polyaluminum aluminum chloride(PAC),polyaluminum ferric chloride(PFC)and polyacrylamide(PAM)on the slime,and study their mechanism of action.The results showed that the addition of PAC or PFC makes the pH of the slime system decrease,the conductivity increases,the Zeta potential of the slime particles increases,the particle size becomes smaller,and the sedimentation effect is poor.PAC or PFC is not suitable as a coagulant for the slime.Anionic polyacrylamide(APAM)mainly uses the polar group—CONH_(2) to hydrogen bond with the kaolinite and diaspore in the slime,the coagulation and sedimentation effect of the sludge is very obvious,the suitable dosage is 40~60 g/t,and the best dosage is 60 g/t.Non-ionic polyacrylamide(NPAM)mainly uses macromolecular chains to wrap around,and the coagulation and sedimentation effect of the sludge is obvious,the suitable dosage is 50~70 g/t,and the best dosage is 70 g/t.Cationic polyacrylamide(CPAM)mainly uses electrostatic adsorption to adsorb sludge particles,the coagulation and sedimentation effect of sludge is average,the suitable dosage is 60~80 g/t,and the best dosage is 80 g/t.

关 键 词：铝土矿矿泥 沉降特性 pH值 Zeta电位分析 电导率分析 粒径分布 FTIR分析 

分 类 号：X751[环境科学与工程—环境工程]