贵州省黔西南州四季康养气候资源研究  

Study on Climate Resources for the Four-season Health Care in Qianxinan Prefecture of Guizhou Province

作　　者：于飞 张波[1,2] 吴战平 田金华[3] Yu Fei;Zhang Bo;Wu Zhanping;Tian Jinhua(Guizhou Institute of Mountainous Environment and Climate,Guiyang 550002,China;Guizhou Key Laboratory of Mountainous Climate and Resources,Guiyang 550002,China;Zhengzhou Meteorological Office,Zhengzhou 450007,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省山地环境气候研究所,贵阳550002 [2]贵州省山地气候与资源重点实验室,贵阳550002 [3]郑州市气象局,郑州450007

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2022年第4期53-59,共7页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：贵州省自然基金项目“喀斯特石漠化植被生态质量变化对气候因子的响应”(黔科合基础-ZK[2022]一般273)。

摘　　要：气候是影响人体健康和人居环境的最重要的自然因子之一。为科学论证贵州省黔西南州康养气候资源比较优势,采用综合舒适度指数(CC)、人体舒适度指数(BCMI)和度假气候指数(HCI),对黔西南州1961-2018年平均四个季节的康养气候资源分别进行分析和统计评估,并与国内其他主要城市进行对比分析。通过统计分析可知,贵州省黔西南州四季气候舒适日数多、范围广,四季气候具有“春早花期长、夏凉宜避暑、秋爽云天高、冬暖树常绿”的比较优势。贵州省黔西南州综合舒适度指数(CC)四季均为较舒适以上等级,全年较舒适和舒适期为280~320天,综合舒适期长;人体舒适度气象指数(BCMI)等级为4~6级,全年总天数达226天,属于“一类气候适宜区”;度假气候指数(HCI)表明四季均适宜度假,2-11月度假气候指数为很适宜度假等级。综合分析可知,贵州省黔西南四季气候舒适,相对于国内相关主要城市气候综合舒适期长,适宜开展气候康养,具有明显的比较优势。Climate is one of the most important natural factors affecting human health and settlements.In order to fully demonstrate the comparative advantages of the climate resources for health care in Qianxinan prefecture of Guizhou Province,the Comprehensive Comfort Index(CC),the Body Comfort Meteorological Index(BCMI) and the Holiday Climate Index(HCI) are used to statistically analyze and evaluate the climate resources of health care averaged in the four seasons a year from 1961 to 2018 in Qianxinan prefecture,and then the results are compared with the conditions in other major cities of China.Through statistical analysis,we found that the Guizhou Qianxinan prefecture has many days and wide range of comfortable climate in a year,enjoying the advantages of“early spring with long flowering period,cool summer for avoiding heat,comfortable autumn with high skies and clouds,and warm winter with evergreen trees”.According to the evaluation of the Comprehensive Comfort Index(CC),the four seasons of the Qianxinan prefecture are all above the comfortable level,and most areas are suitable to live in throughout the year with the annual comfortable days reaching 280-320 days,thus achieving a long-time comprehensive comfort.The Body Comfort Meteorological Index(BCMI) is between Grade 4 and Grade 6,and the total number of comfortable days is 226 d in a year,which belongs to the“first-class climate suitable area”.The Holiday Climate Index(HCI) shows that all the four seasons in this region are suitable for vacation,and the HCI of February-November is at a very suitable holiday level.Finally,the comprehensive analysis suggests that the climate in the Qianxinan prefecture of Guizhou is comfortable and suitable for people’s health and care.Compared with relevant major cities in China,the comprehensive climate comfort period in this region is longer,and it has obvious comparative advantages.

关 键 词：黔西南州 气候舒适期 比较优势 

分 类 号：P468.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P468.7