基于FPGA的三维闪电探测仪电路系统设计  

Circuit System Design of Three Dimensional Lightning Detector Based on FPGA

作　　者：李力[1] 彭军[1] 蓝天飞[2] 甘少明[1] LI Li;PENG Jun;LAN Tianfei;GAN Shaoming(Hubei Meteorological Information and Technical Support Center,Wuhan 430074,China;Shiyan City Bureau of Meteorology,Shiyan 442011,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省气象信息与技术保障中心,武汉430074 [2]十堰市气象局,湖北十堰442011

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（理学版）》2022年第4期977-984,共8页Journal of Jilin University:Science Edition

基　　金：楚天新气象开放基金(批准号:2020C05);湖北省气象局科技发展基金(批准号:2021Y08).

摘　　要：针对传统二维闪电探测仪鉴别闪电信号波形速度较慢且不准确,数据质量受元器件老化影响,且元器件数量较多、集成度较低、可靠性较差、升级空间较小,只能用线性电源工作,对供电稳定性要求严格等问题,通过超大规模现场可编程门阵列、片上可编程系统与现代电子表面贴装技术研发抗干扰的三维闪电探测仪.探测仪天线采用正交环结构并加装屏蔽罩以提高接收信号精度,避免天线效应;前置信道板应用大规模集成电路、表面贴装元器件与多层板工艺减少输出信号背景噪声;信号处理板基于嵌入式软核灵活构建中央处理器以快速鉴别闪电波形;供电模组使用适应能力强、转换效率高的开关电源获取多种电压.该设计实现了稳定低功耗的三维闪电探测仪.Aiming at the problems that the speed of identifying the lightning signal waveform was slow and inaccurate of the traditional two-dimensional lightning detector,and the data quality was affected by the aging of the components,and the number of components was large,the integration was low,the reliability was poor,and the upgrade space was small.It could only work with linear power supply,and the power supply stability was strictly required.Through the ultra-large field programmable gate array,on-chip programmable system and modern electronic surface mount technology,the anti-interference three-dimensional lightning detector was developed.The detector antenna adopted orthogonal ring structure and was equipped with shielding cover to improve the accuracy of received signal and avoid antenna effect.The front channel board applied large-scale integrated circuits,surface mount components and multilayer board technology to reduce the background noise of the output signals.Based on the embedded soft core,the signal processing board flexibly constructed the central processor to quickly identify the lightning waveform.The power supply module used the switching power supply with strong adaptability and high conversion efficiency to obtain a variety of voltages.The design realized a stable and low-power three-dimensional lightning detector.

关 键 词：三维闪电 电路系统 信号处理 开关电源 转换效率 

分 类 号：TN98[电子电信—信息与通信工程]