上转换纳米颗粒的发光机理、制备及生物应用进展  

Advances in Luminescence Mechanism,Preparation and Biological Application of Upconversion Nanoparticles

作　　者：李静芝 高志贤 李双 赵旭东 秦英凯 刘辉[2] 韩铁 LI Jingzhi;GAO Zhixian;LI shuang;ZHAO Xudong;QIN Yingkai;LIU Hui;HAN Tie(Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine,Academy of Military Medical Science,Academy of Military Science,Tianjin 300050,China;School of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]军事科学院军事医学研究院环境医学与作业医学研究所,天津300050 [2]兰州大学公共卫生学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第14期94-104,共11页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家食品安全重点研发计划专项(2018YFC1603500)。

摘　　要：稀土掺杂的上转换纳米颗粒(UCNPs)是一类吸收长波近红外光子并发射短波紫外可见光子的新型荧光标记材料,即其能够有效地将两个或多个低能光子转换成高能光子。UCNPs克服了传统荧光标记材料的灵敏度低、光稳定性差等缺点,成为有前途的传统标记材料的替代物之一。近红外激发的UCNPs具有反斯托克斯位移大、对生物组织损伤小、组织穿透能力强、转换效率高、无背景荧光干扰以及无光漂白效应等诸多优点。其由于突出的优点、独特的光学性能,在很多领域成为研究的新热点,尤其是在生物传感、成像、靶向给药和光动力学治疗以及生物检测分析应用中显示出巨大的潜力。本文简要介绍了UCNPs的组成、发光机理以及主要合成方法;在此基础上,重点综述了UCNPs在传感、成像和治疗应用方面的最新研究进展,最后合理地分析了UCNPs目前存在的不足,并展望了其未来的发展方向。As a new class of fluorescent-labeled materials,rare-earth doped upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)can absorb long wavelength near-infrared photons and emit short wavelength UV visible photons.It is capable of efficiently converting two or more low energy photons into high-energy photons.UCNPs have overcome the shortcomings of the traditional fluorescent labeling materials such as low sensitivity and poor photostability,and have become one of the promising alternatives to the traditional labeling materials.UCNPs excited by NIR have many advantages,such as large anti-stokes shift,little damage to biological tissues,high tissue penetration ability,high conversion efficiency,no background fluorescence interference and no photo-bleaching effect.Therefore,it has become a new focus in many fields such as biosensing,imaging,targeted drug delivery,photodynamic therapy and analytical applications for bio-detection due to its outstanding characteristics.In this review,we briefly described the composition,luminescence mechanism and main synthetic methods of UCNPs,and focused on the recent progress in sen-sing,imaging and therapeutic applications.Finally,we reasonably analyzed the current insufficient of UCNPs and gave an outlook on its future development.

关 键 词：上转换纳米颗粒 生物传感 生物成像 光疗法 靶向给药 

分 类 号：TQ133.3[化学工程—无机化工] TQ422