主动扩大进口会缓解工资不平等吗——来自最终品关税削减的证据  

Does Proactive Import Expansion Ease Wage Inequality——Evidence from Final Product Tariff Cuts

作　　者：陈昊[1] 陈海英 CHEN Hao;CHEN Haiying

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学国际经济研究院

出　　处：《国际贸易问题》2022年第6期19-37,共19页Journal of International Trade

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“出口优化与劳动力市场效率提升的互动机制与政策相容性研究”(21YJC790009);对外经济贸易大学杰出青年学者资助项目(21JQ11)。

摘　　要：治国之道,富民为始,缩小收入差距是关键问题。本文考察了主动扩大进口带来的工资效应及作用机制,通过构建理论模型并在准自然实验的框架下,使用广义双重差分法进行经验研究。结果表明:主动扩大进口会通过缩小企业间的生产率差距显著缩小企业间的工资差距,该结论通过了相应的稳健性及安慰剂检验;进一步研究表明,市场竞争程度和政企关联会影响扩大进口缩小企业间工资差距的效应;市场竞争程度越大,扩大进口缩小企业间工资差距的影响越明显;而政府补贴倾向于扩大企业间的工资差距,政府补贴强度高的行业,扩大进口缩小企业间工资差距的效应被减弱。The key to governing a country starts with enriching the people,and narrowing income inequality is its key issue.This paper concentrates on analyzing the wage effects and impact mechanisms of initiating import expansion by constructing a theoretical model and conducting an empirical study using a generalized difference-in-differences method in a quasi-natural experimental framework.The results show that proactive import expansion significantly decreases interfirm wage inequality by reducing their productivity disparity,and these findings have passed the corresponding robust and placebo tests.Further study shows that the degrees of market competition and the government subsidies affect the import expansion impact on reducing the interfirm wage gap;the greater the degree of market competition,the more significant the import expansion effect on reducing the interfirm wage gap,while government subsidies tend to widen the interfirm wage gap.Additionally,the import expansion impact on reducing the interfirm wage gap is attenuated in industries with a high level of government subsidies.

关 键 词：主动扩大进口 工资不平等 生产率差距 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济]