方言相似度计算与影响因素的量化--以辽宁胶辽官话为例  

The Similarity Calculation and Quantification of Influence Factors in Liaoning Jiaoliao Mandarin

作　　者：原新梅[1] 丁俊 冉启斌[2] Yuan Xinmei;Ding Jun;Ran Qibin(Liaoning Normal University,School of Chinese Language and Literature,Dalian Liaoning 116081;Nankai University,School of Literature Tianjin300071)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学文学院,辽宁大连116081 [2]南开大学文学院,天津300071

出　　处：《语言科学》2022年第4期400-413,共14页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：国家语委项目(YB1824A011);国家社科基金一般项目(17BYY133);辽宁省高校创新团队项目(202017)阶段成果;国家社科基金重大项目(19ZDA300)的成果之一。

摘　　要：文章以辽宁的6个胶辽官话方言点(大连、杏树、长海、庄河、盖州、丹东)为对象,采用ASJP模式相似度计算的方法来考察方言的多重影响因素。根据地理位置、明清以来的移民史等选择山东胶辽官话、东北官话、北京官话、冀鲁官话、中原官话、晋语的24个方言点和辽宁的6个胶辽官话方言点进行计算比较。结果看到,杏树与以上几个方言区的相似度相对较小,丹东的相似度相对较大。论文进一步将7种数据整合为方言的独立性指标,指出6个方言点按照独立性程度的高低依次为:杏树>大连>长海>庄河>盖州>丹东。还通过计算得到辽宁胶辽官话区与以上各个方言区的方言相似度的高低依次为:东北官话>北京官话>山东胶辽官话>冀鲁官话>中原官话>晋语,印证了方言区距离和历史移民的一些关系。This paper investigates the multiple influence factors of dialects taking six dialect locations in Liaoning Jiaoliao Mandarin(Dalian,Xingshu,Changhai,Zhuanghe,Gaizhou,Dandong)as the objects with the application of ASJP approach for similarity calculation.Based on the geographical location and the history of immigration since the Ming and Qing Dynasty,the paper calculates and compares 6 dialect locations in Liaoning Jiaoliao Mandarin with 24 dialect locations in Shandong Jiaoliao Mandarin,Northeast Mandarin,Beijing Mandarin,Jilu Mandarin,Zhongyuan Mandarin and Jin dialect.It is found that the similarity between Xingshu and the other dialect regions share relatively less similarity,and Dandong and other dialect regions share relatively more similarity.The paper further integrates seven kinds of data into the independent index of dialects,and points out that the six dialect locations are in descending order of independence:Xingshu,Dalian,Changhai,Zhuanghe,Gaizhou,Dandong.Also through the calculation of Liaoning Jiaoliao Mandarin regions and the above dialect regions,the dialect similarity shows a descending order as follows:Northeast Mandarin,Beijing Mandarin,Shandong Jiaoliao Mandarin,Jilu Mandarin,Zhongyuan Mandarin and Jin dialect,confirming the relationship between dialect regions distances and historical immigrations.

关 键 词：胶辽官话 ASJP相似度 方言影响因素 方言独立性 

分 类 号：H179[语言文字—汉语]