佐野友三郎乡村图书馆巡回服务思想与实践研究——探讨巡回服务的多样性  

Research on the Thoughts and Practices of Sano Tomosaburo Rural Libraries Circulating Service:Exploring the Diversity of Circulating Service

作　　者：李易宁[1] 雷菊霞[2] Li Yining;Lei Juxia(Beijing Language and Culture University Library;Beijing Normal University Library)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学图书馆 [2]北京师范大学图书馆

出　　处：《图书馆杂志》2022年第6期74-82,共9页Library Journal

基　　金：北京语言大学院级(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金)项目“日本近代通俗图书馆研究”(项目编号:21YJ170002)资助。

摘　　要：20世纪初,中日两国皆处于近代,图书馆事业方兴未艾,一时无法覆盖到更为广阔的区域,尤其是乡村等远离城市的地区。受到美国经验的启迪,佐野友三郎借鉴杜威的经验,在日本秋田县立图书馆任职期间潜心研究巡回文库。1903–1915年,佐野的巡回文库事业随其转任在山口县蓬勃发展,在其影响之下,还出现了私立团体主办的专营巡回文库。日本乡村图书馆的巡回服务呈现出以图书馆事业的发展为目的、规范化的管理制度、尊重读者需求建立文库与以效率优先制定巡回方案等突出特点。与佐野同时期,我国在20世纪前后也出现了服务于京畿地区的“京师学务局巡回文库”、服务于武汉三镇的文华公书林的巡回文库等,乡村图书馆的巡回服务在20世纪20–30年代也取得了长足的发展。在史料研究的基础上,对比中日两国同样习得于美国的巡回服务的不同发展特点,探讨图书馆巡回服务多样性与灵活性的基本属性。Right into the early 20th century,library industries were just unfolding in both China and Japan,and they could not cover broad areas,especially the rural areas far away from the cities.Enlightened by the US experience,Sano Tomosaburo in Japan devoted himself into the circulating library during his tenure at the Akita country library.From 1903 to 1915,Sano’s circulating librarianship flourished in Yamaguti country with his tenure transfer.Under his influence,some private organization began to follow suit.The circulating service of the Japanese rural library presents the outstanding characteristics,including the purpose of the library industry development,the standardized management,the establishment of a library respecting the readers’ needs,and the circulating plan with efficiency priority.At the same time around the 20th century,in China,the Capital Education Administration Bureau Circulating Library appeared and served around the capital suburbs,the Circulating Library of Boone Library appeared and served around Wuhan.In the 1920s and 1930s,the rural libraries circulating service made great progress.Based on the study of historical materials,this paper compares the different development characteristics between China and Japan,both learning from the American service,and discusses the basic attributes of the diversity and flexibility of the rural libraries circulating service.

关 键 词：巡回文库 民众图书馆 乡村图书馆 

分 类 号：G259.313[文化科学—图书馆学]