2011—2020年深圳市福田区职业病危害状况分析及对策  

Analysis of occupational hazards in Futian District of Shenzhen City from 2011-2020 and research on countermeasures

作　　者：李汉锋[1] 刘俊玲[1] 张静冰[1] 钟剑明[1] 郑晓钧[1] LI Han-feng;LIU Jun-ling;ZHANG Jing-bing;ZHONG Jian-ming;ZHENG Xiao-jun(Occupational Health Management Department,Shenzhen Futian District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen Guangdong,518040,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市福田区疾病预防控制中心职业卫生管理科,广东深圳518040

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第12期1620-1623,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：2019年深圳市福田区卫生公益性科研项目立项(FTWS2019066)。

摘　　要：目的纵向分析深圳市福田区职业病危害及职业病发病变化特征,为制定切实可行的防治对策提供依据。方法对2011—2020年深圳市福田区职业病危害申报、职业病危害因素监测、职业病发病情况进行描述性分析。结果2011—2020年深圳市福田区存在职业病危害企业数、职业病危害接害人数总体呈逐年下降趋势;申报职业病危害企业以小微型企业、城市服务型企业和私营企业为主,主要为汽修、电子及印刷等行业。工作场所职业病危害检测合格率较高,共检测化学因素样品2092份、粉尘样品322份和噪声检测点1331个,检测合格率分别为98.35%、92.55%和90.53%,其中苯检测样品1265个,检出12个,检出率0.95%;正己烷检测样品546个,检出34个,检出率6.23%;三氯乙烯、1,2-二氯乙烷和三氯甲烷共检测样品101个,检出5个,检出率4.95%。职业病发病处于较低水平,每年报告职业病发病数低于10例。结论今后应加强对深圳市福田区企业职业病危害现状调查,着重关注深圳地区重点职业病危害如存在正己烷、苯、三氯乙烯、1,2-二氯乙烷、三氯甲烷、铅、矽尘和噪声企业的职业病防治工作。职业病防治政策应向企业职业健康检查倾斜,加强企业主动预防意识,职业健康工作范围应由法定职业病防治扩大至视频作业、职业紧张或骨骼肌肉疾病等领域。Objective To perform a vertical analysis the change characteristics of occupational hazards and incidence of occupational diseases in Futian District of Shenzhen City,provide basis for formulating feasible prevention and control countermeasures.Methods The data of the occupational hazard declaration,monitoring of occupational hazard factors and incidence of occupational diseases in Futian District of Shenzhen City from 2011-2020 were analyzed descriptively.Results From2011-2020,the number of enterprises with occupational hazards and number of people exposed to occupational hazards in Futian District of Shenzhen City declined year by year.The enterprises declared for occupational hazards were mainly small and micro enterprises,urban service enterprises and private enterprise,mainly in automobile repair,electronics,printing and other industries.The qualified rate of occupational hazards detection in the workplace was higher.A total of 2092 samples of chemical factors,322 samples of dust and 1331 noise detection points were detected,and the qualified rate was 98.35%,92.55%and 90.53%respectively.12 of 1265 benzene samples were detected with the detection rate of 0.95%,34 of 546 n-hexane samples were detected with the detection rate of 6.23%,5 of 101 samples of trichloroethylene,1,2-dichloroethane and chloroform were detected,with the detection rate of 4.95%.The incidence of occupational diseases is at a low level,and fewer than 10 cases of occupational diseases are reported annually.Conclusions In the future,it is necessary to strengthen the investigation on the current situation of occupational hazards in enterprises in Futian District of Shenzhen City,and focus on the prevention and control of occupational diseases in enterprises with major occupational hazards in Shenzhen,such as n-hexane,benzene,trichloroethylene,1,2-dichloroethane,trichloromethane,lead,silicon dust and noise.The occupational disease prevention policy should be inclined to the occupational health examination of enterprises,the consciousness of ac

关 键 词：职业病 危害监测 对策 

分 类 号：R134.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]