肇庆市农耕地土壤Pb、Cd和Cr的重金属元素风险评估研究  

Risk assessment of heavy metal elements of Pb,Cd and Cr in cultivated soil in Zhaoqing City

作　　者：黎健萍 何汉松 傅小彩 杨业洲[1] LI Jian-ping;HE Han-song;FU Xiao-cai;YANG Ye-zhou(Department of Environment and School Health,Zhaoqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhaoqing Guangdong,526060,China)

机构地区：[1]肇庆市疾病预防控制中心环境与学校卫生科,广东肇庆526060

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第12期1683-1686,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：2021年肇庆市科技创新指导类项目(2021040314044)。

摘　　要：目的为做好农村环境卫生监测工作,利用2016年8月—2020年8月全国开展农村环境卫生监测项目数据,对肇庆市农耕地土壤Pb、Cd和Cr重金属元素进行污染风险评估,为环境与健康管理提供科学支撑。方法采用电感耦合等离子体-质谱法对肇庆市400份农耕地土壤样本中的Pb、Cd和Cr 3种重金属元素含量进行测定,以GB 15618—2018《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》为依据,采用单项污染指数(pollution index,Pi)法、内梅罗综合污染指数法和Hakanson潜在生态风险评估法对土壤重金属的污染状况进行评价。结果肇庆市农耕土壤中Pb、Cd和Cr的浓度分别为(40.13±28.96)、(0.22±0.17)和(42.29±22.89)mg/kg。400个监测点位中,Pb含量达到污染等级(Pi>1)的点位占2.5%(10/400),Cd占14.25%(57/400),Cr均在无污染等级(Pi≥1)。内梅罗综合污染指数处于安全级、警戒级、轻度污染、中度污染和重度污染分级的分别占74.00%、16.75%、8.00%、0.75%和0.50%。综合潜在生态风险指数(risk index,RI)处于轻微、中等、较强和很强风险分级的分别占73.00%、21.75%、4.50%和0.75%。结论肇庆市农耕地土壤Pb、Cd和Cr的重金属元素风险强度较低,处于较高的安全级别。Objective To improve the rural environmental health monitoring,to carry out the pollution risk assessment of heavy metal elements of Pb,Cd and Cr in cultivated soil in Zhaoqing City on the basis of the data of national rural environmental health monitoring project from 2016 to 2020,provide scientific support for environmental and health management.Methods The contents of three heavy metal elements of Pb,Cd and Cr in 400 cultivated soil samples in Zhaoqing City were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.Based on GB 15618-2018 the Soil environmental quality agricultural land soil pollution risk control standard(trial),the single pollution index(Pi)method,Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method and Hakanson potential ecological risk assessment method were used to evaluate the pollution status of soil heavy metals.Results The concentrations of Pb,Cd and Cr in the cultivated soil in Zhaoqing City were(40.13±28.96),(0.22±0.17)and(42.29±22.89)mg/kg,respectively.Among the 400 monitoring sites,the sites where Pb content reached pollution level(Pi>1)accounted for 2.5%(10/400),that of Cd accounted for 14.25%(57/400),and that of Cr was in non-polluting grade(Pi≥1).The sites that the Nemero comprehensive pollution index was in the classification of safe,alert,light,moderate and heavy pollution accounted for 74.00%,16.75%,8.00%,0.75%and0.5%,respectively.The sites that the comprehensive potential ecological risk index(RI)was in mild,medium,strong,strong risk classification accounted for 73.00%,21.75%,4.50%and 0.75%,respectively.Conclusion The risk intensity of heavy metals of Pb,Cd and Cr in agricultural soil in Zhaoqing City is low,which is at a higher safety level.

关 键 词：农耕地土壤 重金属 风险评估 

分 类 号：R124[医药卫生—环境卫生学]