牲畜养殖污水总氮测定方法的比较及差异分析  

Comparison and Difference Analysis of Total Nitrogen Determination Methods in Livestock Wastewater

作　　者：陈广银 曹海南 潘义欣 霍伟洁 董金竹 吴佩 CHEN Guangyin;CAO Hainan;PAN Yixin;HUO Weijie;DONG Jinzhu;WU pei(Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Soil and Water Pollution Control and Remediation,Wuhu,Anhui 241002,China;School of Ecology and Environment,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu,Anhui 241002,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省水土污染治理与修复工程实验室,安徽芜湖241002 [2]安徽师范大学生态与环境学院,安徽芜湖241002

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2022年第6期48-54,共7页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2017YFD0801403);安徽省重点研发项目(201904a06020044);安徽师范大学博士科研启动金项目(2017XJJ40);安徽师范大学环境科学与工程学院培育项目。

摘　　要：为提高牲畜养殖污水总氮测定结果的准确性和可靠性,比较了碱性过硫酸钾消解-紫外分光光度法(以下简称“碱性过硫酸钾法”)与H_(2)SO_(4)-H_(2)O_(2)消解凯氏定氮法(以下简称“凯氏定氮法”)测定牲畜养殖污水总氮的差异,确定测定牲畜养殖污水总氮的最优方法。结果表明:(1)碱性过硫酸钾法测定结果出现总氮小于氨氮的现象,而凯氏定氮法的结果均明显高于碱性过硫酸钾法,且均高于氨氮值;(2)碱性过硫酸钾法用于不含悬浮固体(SS)的硝酸盐污水和有机氮污水总氮的测定具有较好的精确度,对不含SS的高氨氮污水的准确度稍差,而凯氏定氮法对不含SS的高氨氮污水和有机氮污水总氮测定具有较好的精确度;(3)污水中SS浓度对碱性过硫酸钾法测定结果的准确性影响较大,且SS浓度越高,准确性越差,造成两种方法总氮的差值越大,总氮差值与SS浓度间具有较好的线性关系,相关性达0.9857;(4)SS的元素组成直接影响污水总氮测定结果,SS中氮素含量越高,其对污水总氮测定结果的影响越大。总之,对于高SS、高总氮/高氨氮的牲畜养殖污水,采用凯氏定氮法具有更高的准确度和稳定性,碱性过硫酸钾法适用于低SS高硝氮/高有机氮的污水。To improve the accuracy of determination results of total nitrogen in livestock breeding wastewater,the differences between alkaline potassium persulfate digestion-ultraviolet spectrophotometry(hereinafter referred to as“alkaline potassium persulfate method”)and Kjeldahl method with H_(2)SO_(4)-H_(2)O_(2)(hereinafter referred to as“Kjeldahl method”)for determination of total nitrogen in livestock breeding wastewater were compared,and the optimal method for determination of total nitrogen in livestock breeding wastewater was determined.The results showed that:(1)when the total nitrogen in livestock breeding wastewater was determined by alkaline potassium persulfate method,the results of total nitrogen were less than ammonia nitrogen,while the results of Kjeldahl method were obviously higher than those of alkaline potassium persulfate method,and both were higher than ammonia nitrogen;(2)Alkaline potassium persulfate method had better accuracy in determining total nitrogen in nitrate wastewater and organic nitrogen wastewater without suspended solids(SS),while Kjeldahl method had better accuracy in determining total nitrogen in high ammonia nitrogen wastewater and organic nitrogen wastewater without SS.(3)The SS concentration in sewage had a great influence on the accuracy of the results of the alkaline potassium persulfate method,and the higher the SS concentration,the worse the accuracy of the results of the alkaline potassium persulfate method,resulting in the greater the difference of total nitrogen between the two methods.There was a good linear relationship between the total nitrogen difference and the SS concentration,with a correlation of 0.9857.;(4)The elemental composition of SS directly affected the influence of SS on the determination results of total nitrogen in sewage.The higher the total nitrogen content in SS,the greater its influence on the determination results of total nitrogen in sewage.In a word,Kjeldahl method has higher accuracy and stability for livestock breeding sewage with high SS,

关 键 词：畜牧养殖污水 悬浮固体 总氮 测定方法 凯氏氮 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X824