来源原则形成考析  

Research on the Formation of the Principle of Provenance

作　　者：连志英[1,2] 苏立 何玉颜 LIAN Zhiying;SU Li;HE Yuyan(School of Information Resource Management,Renmin University of China;Archival Undertaking Development Research Center,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;School of Cultural Heritage and Information Management of Shanghai University,Shanghai 200244,China;Shanghai Chengtou Group Corporation,Shanghai 200020,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学信息资源管理学院 [2]中国人民大学档案事业发展研究中心,北京100872 [3]上海大学文化遗产与信息管理学院,上海200244 [4]上海城投集团有限公司,上海200020

出　　处：《档案学通讯》2022年第4期26-33,共8页Archives Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“我国社群档案记忆建构与传承研究”(20BTQ101)。

摘　　要：来源原则是档案学的基本理论和重要原则,但对来源原则的形成过程仍有待进一步梳理和探究。基于社会历史研究方法论及对现有文献的研读发现,来源原则的思想起源于18世纪至19世纪上半叶欧洲一些国家档案整理中采用的机构来源分类法,这一分类法在法国被发展为尊重全宗原则,在德国被发展为1881年的来源原则。德国1881年来源原则的提出代表了作为档案学基本原则的来源原则的成型,而荷兰三位档案工作者整合了本国的尊重档案结构原则、尊重原有整理顺序的思想及德国1881年来源原则和法国尊重全宗的思想,并于1898年《荷兰手册》中对来源原则进行了论证,代表了来源原则的定型。以莱曼和缪勒为代表的当时在德国和荷兰坚持推行来源原则的那一批档案工作者为来源原则的定型做出了巨大贡献。The principle of provenance is the fundamental theory and the significant principle of archival science.However,the origin and development process of the principle still needs to be further teased out and explored.Based on the methodology of socio-historical research and the study of existing literature,this paper found that the principle of provenance originated from the organizational provenance classification used in the archive arrangement of some European countries from the 18^(th) to the first half of the 19^(th) century,which was developed into respect des fonds in France and into the Provenienzprinzip in Germany in 1881.The Provenienzprinzip proposed by Germany in 1881 signals the formation of the principle of provenance.The three Dutch archivists integrated the principles of respect for archival structure and respect the original order in Netherlands with the Prouenienzprinzip and the respect des fonds and articulated the principle of provenance systematically in the Dutch Manual in 1898,representing the finalization of the principle of provenance.The Archivists,especially Lehmann and Muller,who insisted on implementing the principle of provenance in Germany and Netherlands at that time,made a great contribution to the finalization of the principle of provenance.

关 键 词：来源原则 机构来源分类法 尊重全宗 尊重档案结构原则 尊重原始整理顺序 

分 类 号：G270.9[文化科学—档案学]