基于人工培养的浮萍快速无性繁殖营养条件研究  

OPTIMIZING THE NUTRITIONAL CONDITIONS OF DUCKWEED RAPID ASEXUAL PROPAGATION BASED ON ARTIFICIAL CULTURE

作　　者：高晓钰 曹特[1] 倪乐意[1] 张霄林[1] 丑庆川 GAO Xiao-Yu;CAO Te;NI Le-Yi;ZHANG Xiao-Lin;CHOU Qing-Chuan(State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态和生物技术国家重点实验室,武汉430072 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2022年第7期1097-1104,共8页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32101319);淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室课题(2019FBZ01)资助。

摘　　要：为探究并优化浮萍人工培养技术,研究以广布种紫萍(Spirodela polyrrhiza)和青萍(Lemna minor)为主要研究对象,探索两种浮萍植物在不同营养水平的Hoagland和Hunter培养液中的鲜重、叶状体数的生长变化状况。结果表明:(1)紫萍和青萍鲜重在Hoagland培养液的不同营养水平下先增加后减少,而在Hunter营养液中呈持续增长趋势;两种浮萍的鲜重最大相对增长率(RGR)分别为0.11和0.18,鲜重受浮萍品种和培养基类型及其不同营养水平影响显著(P<0.05),以青萍在Hunter原液培养基下的无性繁殖产生的生物量最高。(2)紫萍和青萍叶状体数在Hoagland培养液的不同营养水平下先增加后减少,而同鲜重一样在Hunter营养液中呈不断增长趋势;两种浮萍的叶状体最大相对增长率分别为0.14和0.19,叶状体生长的RGR变化同样受浮萍品种和培养基类型及营养水平影响显著(P<0.05),以青萍在Hunter原液的营养环境下收获的叶状体数最高。(3)两种浮萍在Hoagland和Hunter营养液的不同营养水平下鲜重/叶状体比呈下降趋势,表明两种浮萍在适应不同营养时优先繁殖子代叶状体,以扩大种的适合度。研究认为Hunter原液可作为广布种青萍的最优培养条件,可实现短时间内收获较大浮萍鲜生物量和叶状体数,为进一步资源化利用提供原材料。Duckweed plants reproduce fast and can be used as raw material for non-food biomass energy production,and also be used as feed for fish,poultry,etc.,which can produce high quality edible protein.To optimize the artificial cultivation technology of duckweed for further resource development and utilization,this study explored the fresh weight and frond number variation in Hoagland and Hunter culture medium with different nutrient levels using the widespread species Spirodela polyrrhiza and Lemna minor.The results showed as follows:(1)The fresh weights of S.polyrrhiza and L.minor increased first and then decreased under different nutrient levels of Hoagland medium,while the fresh weight of S.polyrrhiza and L.minor showed a continuous increased trend in Hunter medium;The maximum relative growth rate(RGR)of S.polyrrhiza and L.minor were 0.11 and 0.18,respectively.The fresh weight was signi-ficantly affected by duckweed varieties,medium type and nutrient level(P<0.05),and the L.minor in Hunter stock had the highest biomass.(2)The number of fronds of S.polyrrhiza and L.minor in Hoagland and Hunter medium had the same trends as fresh weight.The maximum relative growth rates of fronds of S.polyrrhiza and L.minor were 0.14 and 0.19,respectively.The fronds variation also significantly affected by duckweed varieties,medium type and nutrient levels(P<0.05),and the L.minor in Hunter stock had the highest fronds.(3)The fresh weight/fronds ratio of the two duckweeds in different nutrient levels of Hoagland and Hunter medium showed a downward trend,indicating that the progeny frond prefer to reproduce to expand the fitness of the species when adapted to different nutritional levels.In summary,the Hunter stock solution is the optimal cultivation condition for widespread species L.minor to have large fresh biomass and great frond number in a short time and provide raw material for further resource utilization.

关 键 词：Hoagland HUNTER 鲜重 叶状体 相对增长率 繁殖策略 浮萍 

分 类 号：S966.9[农业科学—水产养殖]