刑事指导性案例司法应用之方法论展开  

On the Methodology of the Judicial Application of Criminal Guiding Cases

作　　者：陆幸福 Lu Xingfu(Administrative Law School of Southwest University of Political Science and Law;Comparative Legal Methodology Institute of Southwest University of Political Science and Law)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学行政法学院 [2]西南政法大学比较法律方法研究中心

出　　处：《国家检察官学院学报》2022年第3期22-35,共14页Journal of National Prosecutors College

基　　金：2020年度国家社科基金西部项目“类案同判机制研究”(20XFX001)的研究成果。

摘　　要：刑事指导性案例在司法中的应用方式有演绎式参照、类比式参照、辨异式不参照和解释等。除了表述形式上的缺陷,应用刑事指导性案例的判决书反映出一系列方法论问题,例如对类似事实的判断不一致以及不当解释指导性案例的裁判要点。为了突破这些困境,在制度层面,需要明确刑事指导性案例的法律地位、取消对刑事指导性案例参照方式的限制、构建参照指导性案例的案例群;在操作层面,需要做到三点:解释裁判要点以对指导性案例的整体性理解为前提、详细比对事实以确定待决案件和指导性案例的类似性、从参考指导性案例的基本精神转向指导性案例的明确应用。The application of criminal guiding cases in judicature includes the following ways:deductive reference,analogical reference,non-reference based on differentiation and interpretation.In addition to the defects in the form of expression,the judgments of the application of criminal guiding cases have some methodological problems,such as inconsistent judgments of similar facts and improper interpretation of the main points of the judgments of guiding cases.In order to break through these difficulties,it is necessary to clarify the legal status of guiding criminal cases,cancel the restriction on the mode of referring guiding criminal cases,and construct the case group of referring guiding cases at the institutional level.At the operational level,three issues need to be done:interpreting the key points of adjudication on the premise of an overall understanding of the guiding case,comparing facts in detail to determine the similarity between pending cases and guiding cases,and changing from reference of the basic spirit of guiding cases into definite application of guiding cases.

关 键 词：刑事指导性案例 演绎 类比 辨异 解释 

分 类 号：D926.2[政治法律—法学]