被动式太阳能采暖建筑设计室外计算参数的确定方法研究  

Study on the Method of Determining Outdoor Calculation Parameters for Passive Solar Heating Architecture Design

作　　者：刘衍 张存德 杨柳 侯立强[1,2] 张率 LIU Yan;ZHANG Cunde;YANG Liu;HOU Liqiang;ZHANG Shuai(State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China,Xi’an 710055,China;School of Architecture,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西部绿色建筑国家重点实验室,西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,西安710055

出　　处：《建筑科学》2022年第6期44-51,共8页Building Science

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0704500);国家自然科学基金重点项目(51838011)。

摘　　要：被动式太阳能采暖建筑设计需要充分利用室外气候条件,使建筑具有一定的采暖功能,表征室外气候条件的室外计算参数尤为重要,该参数确定的准确性决定了被动式太阳能采暖设计结果的合理性,但目前该室外计算参数未能与被动式太阳能采暖设计紧密结合,存在“一数多用”,甚至“无数可用”的情况。此外,考虑到被动式太阳能采暖效果受气候要素影响,温度过低或太阳辐射较少亦无法仅使用被动式太阳能采暖设计满足采暖需求。所以需结合当地室外气候条件和建筑室内热环境需求,确定被动式太阳能采暖对应的时段(即被动式太阳能采暖设计的计算时段),力图通过合理的被动式设计满足该时段内的采暖需求,“降低供热负荷、缩短供热时间”。本文将带有南向封闭阳台的城镇住宅作为研究对象,以构建被动式太阳能采暖建筑设计室外计算参数确定方法为目标,考虑室外气候条件和室内热环境需求的共同影响,针对不同建筑设计阶段对室外计算参数不同的使用需求,提出了被动式太阳能采暖设计的计算时段和相应室外计算参数的确定方法,得到了严寒、寒冷地区5个典型城市的被动式太阳能采暖设计的计算时段及室外计算参数。本研究可为城镇住宅被动式太阳能采暖建筑设计的发展提供支撑。Passive solar heating architecture design need to make full use of outdoor climatic conditions so that the architecture has heating functions.The outdoor calculation parameters that characterizes the outdoor climate conditions are particularly important.The accuracy of the parameter determines the reasonableness of the passive solar heating design results.At present,the outdoor calculation parameters are not closely integrated with the passive solar heating design,and there are some situations like that “one parameter is used multiple times”,or even “no parameters can be used”.In addition,in consider of the passive solar heating effect is affected by climate elements,lower temperatures or less solar radiation cannot meet the heating needs of passive solar heating design.Therefore,it is necessary to combine the local outdoor climate conditions and the architecture indoor thermal environment requirements to determine the corresponding period for passive solar heating(the calculation time period for passive solar heating design).We hope to meet the heating demand within this time period through reasonable passive design,“reducing the heating load and shortening the heating time”.In this paper,we take a town house with a south-facing closed balcony as the research object,and aim to propose a method for determining outdoor calculation parameters for passive solar heating design.This paper considers the joint influence of outdoor climatic conditions and indoor thermal environment requirements.At the same time,the calculation period and the determination method of the corresponding outdoor calculation parameters for passive solar heating design are proposed for the different use requirements of outdoor calculation parameters in different architectural design stages.The calculation periods and outdoor calculation parameters of passive solar heating design for five typical cities in severe cold and cold zones are obtained.This study can provide support for the development of passive solar heating design for ur

关 键 词：城镇住宅 被动式太阳能采暖建筑 室外计算参数 

分 类 号：TU111.9[建筑科学—建筑理论]