基于室内外多空间热环境品质季节差异及用户空间使用的农宅节能设计  

Energy Saving Design of Farm House Based on Seasonal Difference of Multi-space Thermal Environment Quality and User Spatial Behavior

作　　者：刘营芳 黄子硕 王一[1] LIU Yingfang;HUANG Zishuo;WANG Yi(Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学,上海200092

出　　处：《建筑科学》2022年第6期216-222,共7页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于环境-行为分析的农宅室外空间设计策略及其节能潜力研究”(52008294)。

摘　　要：农村人均建筑面积大,居民可自由选择使用某房间或室外庭院、露台等空间,这些空间的保暖和致凉能力存在差异,合理的组合使用可减少环境调控设备使用。为此,以上海地区典型农宅为例,探究农宅不同空间组合优化的节能潜力,通过对上海典型农宅的调研与模拟,对3种典型农宅室内外典型空间的气候响应特性进行了比较分析,给出各典型空间在冬夏季的保暖和致凉能力差异。考虑居民的空间占用行为模式,以建筑中占用空间能耗最低为设计目标,对上海地区农宅进行优化设计。结果表明,包含南向阳光房、北侧后院及强化自然通风等3个空间要素的农宅可以最大化利用不同空间的气候响应能力,减少环境调控需求,同新建农宅相比,全年能耗最大可降低36.69%。The per capita construction area in rural is large,and the spaces such as rooms or outdoor courtyards and terraces can be freely used by residents.The reasonable combination of spaces with different environmental control capabilities can reduce the use of air conditioning equipment.Therefore,the energy saving potential of the optimization of different spatial combinations of farm houses was explored,through the investigation and simulation of typical farm houses in Shanghai.The climate response characteristics of typical spaces of farm houses were analyzed,and the environmental regulation ability of each space in winter and summer was obtained.Considering the behavior pattern of residents’ space occupation,and aiming at the lowest energy consumption of the space occupied in the building,the optimal design of the farm houses in Shanghai was carried out.The results showed that,the farm house with the spatial elements including sun room,backyard and enhanced natural ventilation could maximize the climate response capability of different spaces and reduce the need for environmental regulation.Compared with the new farm houses,the annual energy consumption could be reduced by 36.69%.

关 键 词：农宅 节能 季节性气候响应差异 室内外空间组合设计 

分 类 号：TU111.19[建筑科学—建筑理论] TU831