低纬度高原宇宙线快中子土壤水分监测方法适宜性研究  

Suitability of the cosmic-ray fast neutron soil moisture monitoring method in a low-latitude plateau

作　　者：王中金 吴苏[2] 吴东丽[3] 张振强[2] 赵杰 李鹏[2] 陈海波[1] WANG Zhongjin;WU Su;WU Dongli;ZHANG Zhenqiang;ZHAO Jie;LI Peng;CHEN Haibo(China Meteorological Administration·Henan Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Support and Applied Technique,Zhengzhou 450003,China;The 27th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation,Zhengzhou 450047,China;China Meteorolo-gical Administration Meteorological Observation Centre,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局·河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点开放实验室,郑州450003 [2]中国电子科技集团公司第二十七研究所,郑州450047 [3]中国气象局气象探测中心,北京100081

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》2022年第8期1328-1335,共8页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：中国气象局·河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点开放实验室开放研究基金(AMF202103);郑州市重大科技创新专项项目(2020CXZX0043)资助。

摘　　要：宇宙线快中子土壤水分监测方法具有监测范围大、不受土壤盐碱程度影响、实时无损原位测量的特点,对旱涝预警、节水灌溉、生态环境保护及土壤生产力提升等具有重要意义。为明确宇宙线快中子土壤水分监测方法在低纬度高原的适宜性,本研究在中国南部开展了大范围烘干称重法测量,验证宇宙线快中子法准确性,以频域反射法做连续监测对比,分析土壤水分相关性,并结合雨量站观测数据,研究其对土壤水分连续变化的响应能力。试验结果表明,宇宙线快中子法与多点烘干称重法的线性拟合优度、均方根误差及绝对误差分别为0.898、0.013 cm^(3)∙cm^(-3)和0.027 cm^(3)∙cm^(-3),说明宇宙线快中子法在低纬度高原能够准确测量区域土壤含水量。在较长时间序列上,宇宙线快中子法与频域反射法10 cm的土壤水分变化趋势完全一致,线性拟合优度为0.839;在对降水响应的灵敏性上,降水量2 mm以上的降水过程,两种方法均有明显响应,降水量2 mm以下的降水过程,宇宙线快中子法要略优于频域反射法。在本试验中,宇宙线快中子土壤水分监测方法在低纬度高原区是适宜的,对土壤水分空间变异性不敏感,对百米级范围的平均土壤含水量的测量准确可信,测量性能满足当前土壤含水量观测要求,且能够提供实时土壤水分信息,有效提高中尺度土壤水分监测效率与精度,为相关土壤水分监测研究与应用提供参考,对低纬度高原土地资源开发利用、环境保护、粮食自给等具有重要意义。The cosmic-ray fast neutron soil moisture monitoring method has a large monitoring range,is unaffected by soil salinity,allows real-time and non-destructive in situ measurement,and is of significance for drought and flood warning,water-saving irrigation,ecological environment protection,and soil productivity improvement.To clarify the suitability of the cosmic-ray fast neutron soil moisture monitoring method in the low-latitude plateau,this study conducted a large-scale soil moisture investigation using oven-drying method in the southern Chinese city of Dali(25°42ʹ14″N,100°10ʹ34″E)from May to September 2020 to verify the accuracy of the cosmic-ray fast neutron method.At the experimental site,a cosmic-ray fast neutron soil moisture station,frequency domain reflec-tometer(FDR)soil moisture station,and rainfall monitoring station were installed.FDR was used for continuous monitoring and comparison,and the correlation of soil moisture in the 0-50 cm soil layer was analyzed.Combined with the observation data of rain-fall stations,the response ability of cosmic-ray fast neutrons and FDR to continuous changes in soil moisture was studied.The experi-mental results showed that the determination coefficient of the linear equation(R2),root-mean-square error(RMSE),and absolute error between the soil moisture content measured by the cosmic-ray fast neutron method and by the multi-point mean value of the ovendrying method were 0.898,0.013 cm^(3)∙cm^(-3),and 0.027 cm^(3)∙cm^(-3),respectively.This shows that the cosmic-ray fast neutron method can accurately measure the regional soil water content in low-latitude plateaus.In the long time series,the cosmic-ray fast neutron method and FDR have a consistent trend of soil moisture changes in the 10 cm soil layer,and the determination coefficient of the linear equation(R2)was 0.839.This shows that the cosmic-ray fast neutron method can respond to soil moisture changes over time,similar to FDR.In terms of sensitivity to precipitation,if the precipitation amount was more th

关 键 词：宇宙线 快中子 土壤水分 低纬度高原 烘干称重法 频域反射法 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]