南水北调受水城市用水变化趋势分析  

Analysis on the Trend of Water Consumption in Cities Receiving Water from South-to-North Water Diversion Project

作　　者：李化雨 蒋艳灵[1] LI Hua-yu;JIANG Yan-ling(China Academy of Urban Planning&Design,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]中国城市规划设计研究院,北京100044

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2022年第12期6-13,共8页China Water & Wastewater

摘　　要：基于2006年—2020年的城市统计数据,采用信息熵与均衡度、Spearman秩相关系数等方法,分析了南水北调受水区范围内30座城市的用水变化趋势,以实现水资源均衡配置,指导南水北调后续工程实施。研究认为:15年间,受水城市的生产运营用水占比呈下降趋势,生活用水占比呈上升趋势,生活用水中,公共服务用水占比稳定在16%~18%,居民家庭用水占比从31%增至40%;受水城市用水均衡度呈先上升后回落态势,均衡度峰值出现年份较全国更晚;受水城市以较少的水量增长支撑了较多的人口增长,人均综合用水量逐年降低,且各城市人均综合用水量差异逐步缩小,节水水平良好;生活节水潜力较工业节水稍弱,但人均公共服务用水量与城市经济发展相关性增强。Based on the urban statistical data from 2006 to 2020,this paper analyzed the trend of water consumption in 30 cities within the water-receiving area of South-to-North Water Diversion Project by means of information entropy and equilibrium degree and Spearman rank correlation coefficient,so as to realize the balanced allocation of water resources and guide the implementation of the follow-up projects.During the past 15 years,the proportion of industrial production water consumption in water-receiving cities showed a downward trend,and the proportion of domestic water consumption showed an upward trend.Among the domestic water,the proportion of public service water consumption remained stable at 16%-18%,while the proportion of household water consumption increased from 31%to 40%.The equilibrium degree of water consumption in water-receiving cities increased first and then decreased,and the peak of equilibrium degree appeared later than that of the whole country.The water-receiving cities supported more population growth with less water consumption growth,and the per-capita comprehensive water consumption decreased year by year,and the difference of per-capita comprehensive water consumption among water-receiving cities gradually decreased,indicating that the water-saving performance was good.Domestic water-saving potential was slightly weaker than industrial water-saving potential.However,the correlation between per-capita public service water consumption and urban economic development was stronger.

关 键 词：南水北调 用水结构 人均综合用水量 年际变化 水资源配置 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]