杜鹃红山茶与山茶‘媚丽’杂交后代花青苷变异特征  

Variation Characteristics of Anthocyanin in Hybrids between Camellia azalea and Camellia japonica'Meili'

作　　者：杨美英 李建宾[1] 张莹[2] 李辛雷[2] 刘信凯 钟乃盛 黎艳玲 YANG Mei-ying;LI Jian-bin;ZHANG Ying;LI Xin-lei;LIU Xin-kai;ZHONG Nai-sheng;LI Yan-ling(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,Yunnan,China;Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,Zhejiang,China;Guangzhou Zongke Horticulture Development Limited Company,Guangzhou 511316,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400 [3]广州棕科园艺开发有限公司,广东广州511316

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2022年第4期54-62,共9页Forest Research

基　　金：浙江省基础公益研究计划(LGN20C160006);国家重点研发计划(2020YFD1000500)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究杜鹃红山茶、山茶‘媚丽’及其杂交后代花瓣中花青苷成分与含量,揭示其主要花青苷成分与含量的变异特征,为高花青苷含量山茶花新品种选育及其开发利用提供科学依据。[方法]应用高效液相色谱-光电二极管阵列检测(HPLC-DAD)和超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱联用技术(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)定性定量分析杜鹃红山茶、山茶‘媚丽’及其35个杂交后代花瓣中花青苷成分与含量。[结果]杜鹃红山茶及其杂交后代花瓣中共检测到14种花青苷,其中含量较高的主要花青苷有8种,包括矢车菊素-3-O-(2-O-β-木糖基)-β-半乳糖苷(Cy3GaX)、矢车菊素-3-O-β-半乳糖苷(Cy3Ga)、矢车菊素-3-O-(2-O-β-木糖基)-β-葡萄糖苷(Cy3GX)、矢车菊素-3-O-β-葡萄糖苷(Cy3G)、矢车菊素-3-O-[6-O-(E)-p-香豆酰]-β-半乳糖苷(Cy3GaEpC)、矢车菊素-3-O-[2-O-β-木糖基-6-O-(E)-p-香豆酰]-β-半乳糖苷(Cy3GaEpCX)、矢车菊素-3-O-[2-O-β-木糖基-6-O-(E)-p-香豆酰]-β-葡萄糖苷(Cy3GEpCX)和矢车菊素-3-O-[6-O-(E)-p-香豆酰]-β-葡萄糖苷(Cy3GEpC)。杜鹃红山茶主要花青苷总量高于山茶‘媚丽’,杂交后代花青苷总量存在较大的变异;杂交后代中Cy3GX、Cy3GaX含量均低于杜鹃红山茶,Cy3GEpCX、Cy3GaEpCX含量总体上高于杜鹃红山茶,Cy3G、Cy3Ga、Cy3GEpC和Cy3GaEpC含量基本上介于双亲之间。[结论]杜鹃红山茶及其杂交后代中含2-O-β-木糖基的花青苷含量高于相应不含2-O-β-木糖基的花青苷,含葡萄糖苷的花青苷高于相应含半乳糖苷的花青苷。杜鹃红山茶主要花青苷为Cy3GX和Cy3GaX,山茶‘媚丽’为Cy3GEpC和Cy3G,杂交后代主要为Cy3GX和Cy3GEpCX,其次为Cy3G和Cy3GEpC;杂交后代中含2-O-β-木糖基的花青苷来源于杜鹃红山茶,其所占比例高于相应不含2-O-β-木糖基的花青苷,表明含2-O-β-木糖基的花青苷具较强的遗传能力。[Objective]The object of this study was to determine anthocyanin components and contents in petals from Camellia azalea,C.japonica'Meili'and their hybrids,and reveal variation regulation of main anthocyanin components and content,that will provide the scientific basis for breeding and utilization of camellias with high anthocyanin content.[Method]Anthocyanin components and contents of C.azalea,C.japonica'Meili'and thirty-five hybrids were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection(HPLC-DAD)and aultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS).[Result]Fourteen anthocyanin components were detected in C.azalea and the hybrids,eight of which were main anthocyanin components with high content,including cyanidin-3-O-(2-O-β-xylosyl)-β-galactoside(Cy3GaX),cyanidin-3-O-β-galactoside(Cy3Ga),cyanidin-3-O-(2-O-β-xylosyl)-β-glucoside(Cy3GX),cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside(Cy3G),cyanidin-3-O-(6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl)-β-galactoside(Cy3GaEpC),cyanidin-3-O-(2-O-β-xylosyl-6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl)-β-galactoside(Cy3GaEpCX),cyanidin-3-O-(2-O-β-xylosyl-6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl)-β-glucoside(Cy3GEpCX)and cyanidin-3-O-(6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl)-β-glucoside(Cy3GEpC).The total amount of eight main anthocyanin of C.azalea was higher than that of C.japonica'Meili',and that of hybrids have larger variation.The contents of Cy3GX and Cy3GaX in hybrids were lower than that of C.azalea,and contents of Cy3GEpCX and Cy3GaEpCX in hybrids were higher than that of C.azalea.The contents of Cy3G,Cy3Ga,Cy3GEpC and Cy3GaEpC in hybrids were basically in the middle of the parents.[Conclusion]The contents of anthocyanins with 2-O-β-xylosyl is higher than that of corresponding anthocyanins without 2-O-β-xylosyl,and the contents of anthocyanins with glucoside is higher than that of corresponding anthocyanins with galactoside.The main anthocyanin components of C.azalea are Cy3GX and Cy3GaX,and those of C.japonica'Meili'are Cy3GEpC and Cy3G.The main components of hybrids are Cy3GX

关 键 词：杜鹃红山茶 杂交 花青苷 变异 超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]