大别山区两种柿资源种实表型性状的多样性  

Fruit and Seed Phenotypic Diversity of Two Species of Diospyras spp.in Dabie Mountains

作　　者：杨旭[1] 徐阳[1] 龚榜初[1] 谢其均 YANG Xu;XU Yang;GONG Bang-chu;XIE Qi-jun(Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,Zhejiang,China;Stateowned Huangbaishan Forest Farm of Shangcheng County,He’nan Province,Shangcheng 465350,He’nan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400 [2]河南省国有商城黄柏山林场,河南商城465350

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2022年第4期188-196,共9页Forest Research

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2020SY009);浙江省农业新品种选育专项(2021C02066)。

摘　　要：[目的]揭示大别山区罗田甜柿和野柿群体间和群体内种实表型性状的变异程度和变异规律,为两种柿资源的综合利用和遗传改良提供科学依据。[方法]以大别山区罗田甜柿和野柿的11个群体为研究试材,对其果实和种子的表型性状进行形态学测定和统计分析。[结果](1)罗田甜柿13个表型性状的极大值为极小值的1.42(柿蒂大小)~4.07倍(单果质量),表型性状平均变异系数为13.78%,平均shannon′s多样性指数为1.80。野柿表型性状的极大值为极小值的1.48(果形指数)~5.53(种子质量)倍,平均变异系数22.15%,平均shannon′s多样性指数为2.04,其变异程度显著高于罗田甜柿;(2)巢式方差分析结果表明,罗田甜柿群体内变异(34.30%)显著高于群体间变异(17.07%),平均表型分化系数为33.23%,群体间分化较小;野柿群体间变异(48.75%)显著高于群体内(6.69%)变异,平均表型分化系数为73.13%,群体间表型有较大的分化。[结论]罗田甜柿表型多样性为中等水平,离散程度较轻,各性状分布相对集中,较稳定,不易发生群体分化,而野柿的表型多样性水平相对较高,具有较高的分化潜力;其中,单果质量、种子数等性状进化及适应性潜力相对较大,最易产生变异,是遗传改良的重要基础。作为广布种的野柿和狭域种的罗田甜柿,对复杂多变的生境具有不同的响应能力。[Objective]To support comprehensive utilization and genetic improvement for two species of Diospyros spp.in Dabie Mountains,the phenotypic diversity within and among the populations was studied.[Method]Fruit and seed morphological properties of 11 Luotiantianshi persimmon(D.kaki)and wild persimmon(D.kaki var.silvestris)population were measured and analyzed.[Result](1)The maximum value of fruit weight of Luotiantianshi persimmon’s phenotypic traits was 1.42 times the minimum value,and the maximum value of seed mass was 4.07 times the minimum value.The maximum value of fruit shape index of wide persimmon’s phenotypic traits was 1.48 times the minimum value and the maximum of seed mass was 5.53 times the minimum value.The average value of variation coefficient of Luotiantianshi persimmon and wild persimmon was 13.78%and 22.15%,respectively.and the Shannon index was 1.80 and 2.04,respectively.The variation level of wild persimmon was significant higher than Luotiantianshi persimmon.(2)The among-population variation(24.30%)of Luotiantianshi persimmon was much larger than the within-population variation(17.07%);and the mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient was 33.23%.While the within-population variation(48.75%)of wild persimmon was much larger than the among-population variation(6.69%);and the mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient was 73.13%which indicated that considerable differentiation was existed between population of wild permmison phenotype.[Conclusion]Luotiantianshi persimmon has the modest phenotypic diversity and the degree of phenotypic variation is slight and stable.In addition,there is low level of population differentiation.Within-population variation is the main source of variation.Wild persimmon has relatively higher phenotypic diversity level differentiation potential.Among all phenotypic traits,fruit weight,seed number,and evolutionary potential are high.In a conclusion,these two kinds of persimmon have different responsiveness to complex habitats.

关 键 词：大别山区 罗田甜柿 野柿 表型多样性 

分 类 号：S718.46[农业科学—林学]