L-天冬氨酸纳米钙促进油菜生长的机理机制  

Mechanistic mechanism of calcium L-aspartate nanoparticles to promote the growth of rape

作　　者：侯佳玉 闫磊[1,2] 程锦 曾紫君 张雅茹 鲁克嵩 姜存仓 HOU Jiayu;YAN Lei;CHENG Jin;ZENG Zijun;ZHANG Yaru;LU Kesong;JIANG Cuncang(Microelement Research Center,School of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology,Ministry of Education,School of Horticulture and Forestry,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;School of Agriculture,Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecological Agriculture,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院微量元素研究中心,武汉430070 [2]华中农业大学园艺林学学院园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430070 [3]石河子大学农学院新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2022年第7期1408-1416,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271320);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2017PY055)。

摘　　要：为揭示外源L-天冬氨酸纳米钙[Ca(L-asp)-NPs]对作物生长的影响,以油菜为供试材料,通过水培试验,研究了不同浓度(0、25、50、75、100 mg·L^(-1))的Ca(L-asp)-NPs和钙离子[1.18 g·L^(-1) Ca(NO_(3))_(2)·4H_(2)O]对植株生物量、根系形态、钙含量、叶绿素、光合参数、丙二醛和可溶性蛋白含量的影响。结果表明:较低浓度(25、50 mg·L^(-1))的Ca(L-asp)-NPs对油菜生长影响不显著,较高浓度(100 mg·L^(-1))的Ca(L-asp)-NPs会提高植株生物量(如株高和根长)。与不施钙相比,Ca(L-asp)-NPs施用会促进油菜根系的生长,增加叶绿素含量,提高叶片光合速率,100 mg·L^(-1) Ca(L-asp)-NPs处理下油菜总根长、总表面积和根尖数分别增加了76.08%、30.78%和1107.31%;净光合速率、胞间CO_(2)浓度、气孔导度和蒸腾速率则分别提高了295.31%、31.90%、1158.03%和376.74%。另外,Ca(L-asp)-NPs的施用会降低叶片丙二醛含量,提高可溶性蛋白含量。研究表明,外源Ca(L-asp)-NPs可以作为纳米肥料为油菜补充钙营养,100 mg·L^(-1) Ca(L-asp)-NPs对油菜生长的促进效果最佳,油菜长势最接近于适宜钙水平。Ca(L-asp)-NPs具有作为新型纳米钙肥料在农业生产中推广的潜力。An experiment was carried out in a green-house at Huazhong Agricultural University to reveal the effects of exogenous Laspartate nano-calcium[Ca(L-asp)-NPs]on the growth of rape(Brassica napus)grown hydroponically.We applied six treatments:different concentrations of Ca(L-asp)-NPs(0,25,50,75,100 mg·L^(-1))and ionic calcium[1.18 g·L^(-1) Ca(NO_(3))_(2)].The dry and fresh weight,root morphological parameters,calcium content,chlorophyll,photosynthetic parameters,MDA,and soluble protein content were determined.The results showed that lower concentrations of Ca(L-asp)-NPs(25,50,75 mg·L^(-1))had no significant effect on the growth of rape but a higher concentration of Ca(L-asp)-NPs(100 mg·L^(-1))increased plant biomass,including plant height and root length.Compared with NPS-0,the application of Ca(L-asp)-NPs promoted the growth of rape roots,enhanced the chlorophyll content of leaves,and improved the photosynthetic rate of leaves.Applying<100 mg·L^(-1) Ca(L-asp)-NPs,the total root length,total surface area,and apical number increased significantly by 76.08%,30.78%,and 1107.31%,respectively;net photosynthetic rate,intercellular CO_(2) concentration,stomatal conductance,and transpiration rate also increased significantly by 295.31%,31.90%,1158.03%,and 376.74%,respectively.In addition,the application of Ca(L-asp)-NPs decreased MDA levels in rape leaves,while increasing the content of soluble protein in the plants.The research shows that exogenous Ca(L-asp)-NPs can be used as a nano fertilizer to supplement calcium nutrition for rape.The optimum concentration of Ca(L-asp)-NPs is 100 mg·L^(-1) as this showed the best growth potential,while the growth of rape treated with<100 mg·L^(-1) Ca(L-asp)-NPs has the closest to the appropriate calcium level.Ca(L-asp)-NPs has the potential to be popularized as a new nano calcium fertilizer in agricultural production.

关 键 词：L-天冬氨酸纳米钙 油菜 生长情况 生理特性 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]