不同处理对连作土壤及西瓜产量和品质的影响  

Different treatments affects continuous cropping soil and watermelon yield and quality

作　　者：马江黎 徐红 孙兴祥[1] MA Jiangli;XU Hong;SUN Xingxiang(Yancheng Institute of Vegetables,Yancheng 224002,Jiangsu,China;Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Sancang Town,Yancheng 224200,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]盐城市蔬菜研究所,江苏盐城224002 [2]三仓镇农业技术推广中心,江苏盐城224200

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2022年第7期50-55,共6页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：国家西甜瓜产业技术体系(CARS-25)。

摘　　要：采用随机区组试验设计,研究了不同处理对连作土壤及西瓜生长、产量和品质的影响,试验设置嫁接(T1)、棉隆消毒(T2)、土壤灌水(T3)、威百亩消毒(T4)处理和CK(自根苗,不进行土壤处理)。结果表明,嫁接和土壤灌水处理西瓜产量较对照显著提高126.32%、20.68%;嫁接西瓜果实中心、边部可溶性固形物含量较对照分别显著提高0.8、0.5个百分点,土壤灌水处理西瓜果实中心、边部可溶性固形物含量较对照分别显著提高0.6、0.4个百分点;棉隆处理对果实品质改善效果最好,中心可溶性固形物含量较对照显著增加1.1个百分点。灌水处理土壤EC值较对照显著降低79.27%,pH值较对照显著增加4.40%;且西瓜种植结束后,土壤EC值显著低于其他处理和对照,pH值显著高于其他处理和CK。综上所述,嫁接(T1)、土壤灌水(T3)处理对西瓜连作障碍缓解效果较好,且土壤灌水处理能够有效改良土壤次生盐渍化,具有较大的推广应用价值。In order to study the effect of different treatments on continuous cropping soil and growth,yield,quality of watermelon,a completely randomized experimental design was carried out.Four treatments including Grafting(T1),Dazomet disinfection(T2),Flooding irrigation(T3),Metham disinfection(T4)and Untreated control(CK)were set,each treatment was repeated three times.The results showed that Grafting and Flooding irrigation significantly increased watermelon yield by 126.32%and 20.68%compared with Untreated control.The content of central and edge soluble solid were significantly increased by 0.8 and 0.5 percentage points under Grafting,by 0.6 and 0.4 percentage points under Flooding irrigation,respectively.Dazomet disinfection had the best effect on improving fruit quality,and the content of central soluble solid was significantly increased by 1.1 percentage points.Flooding irrigation could significantly reduced soil EC by 79.27%and increase soil pH by 4.40%compared with Un-treated control.After watermelon harvest,soil EC under Flooding irrigation was still lower than that under other treatments and CK,but soil pH was higher than that under other treatments and CK.Therefore,Grafting and Flooding irrigation had a good effect on alleviating watermelon continuous cropping disorder and Flooding irrigation can effectively ameliorate soil secondary salinization,suggesting its potential application.

关 键 词：西瓜 连作 土壤消毒 土壤灌水 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学] S506.1[农业科学—园艺学]