山东省大蒜全程机械化生产效率评价及推进策略研究  

Efficiency evaluation and promotion strategy of whole mechanized operation in garlic producing in Shandong province

作　　者：乔立娟[1] 郭佳晧 赵帮宏[1] 侯加林[2] QIAO Lijuan;GUO Jiahao;ZHAO Banghong;HOU Jialin(Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,Hebei,China;Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学,河北保定071001 [2]山东农业大学,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2022年第7期110-115,共6页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-24-F-01);河北省现代农业产业技术体系露地蔬菜创新团队项目(HBCT2021200301)。

摘　　要：在山东省大蒜主产区种植户、农机合作社与农机企业实地调研的基础上,采用单要素生产率分析方法,对大蒜全程机械化作业与人工作业的劳动生产率、投入产出率和土地产出率进行测算与比较。结果表明,大蒜全程机械化作业可大大提高劳动生产率,其中播种与收获环节的劳动生产效率是人工作业的50倍;大蒜全程机械化作业投入产出率是人工作业的1.944倍,土地产出率是人工作业的1.5倍。受大蒜种植规模小、标准化程度低、机械适用性差等因素制约,我国大蒜机械化仍处于起步阶段,应积极推广大蒜标准化种植模式、提升大蒜播种与收获机械性能、加强机械化生产宣传培训等,提高蒜农机械作业意愿,加快大蒜机械化进程。Based on the field investigation of farmers,agricultural machinery cooperatives and agricultural machinery enterprises in the main garlic producing areas of Shandong Province,and the single factor productivity method was used to calculate the labor productivity rate,input-output rate and land output rate of whole mechanized operation and manual operation in garlic production,and the efficiency of garlic whole mechanized operation and manual operation was compared quantitatively.The result showed that garlic mechanization can greatly improve labor productivity,and the average labor productivity of garlic mechanical sowing and harvesting is 50 times than that of manual operation.The input-output rate of garlic mechanized operation is 1.944 times higher than that of manual operation.The land output rate of garlic mechanized operation is 1.5 times that of manual operation.However,garlic mechanization production in China is still in its infancy due to factors such as small garlic planting scale,low degree of standardization and poor mechanical applicability.We should promote the standardized planting mode of garlic,improve the performance of garlic sowing and harvesting machine,strengthen the publicity and training of mechanical production.

关 键 词：大蒜 全程机械化 劳动生产率 投入产出率 土地产出率 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济] S633.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]