面向电力设备数字孪生的RFID传感器与数据传输协议设计  

Design of RFID Sensor and Data Transmission Protocol for Digital Twin of Electrical Equipment

作　　者：杨帆[1] 朱力 刁冠勋 杨子康[1] 倪祺 吴涛 YANG Fan;ZHU Li;DIAO Guanxun;YANG Zikang;NI Qi;WU Tao(State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment&System Security and New Technology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Company,Shanghai 200122,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室,重庆400044 [2]国网上海市电力公司,上海200122

出　　处：《高电压技术》2022年第5期1634-1643,共10页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国网上海市电力公司科技项目(5500-202017468A-0-0-00);国家重点研发计划(2021YFB2401701)。

摘　　要：电力设备数字孪生技术的发展推动了各类新型传感技术在电力行业中的应用,并亟需一条稳定、明确的数据上云渠道,以供给电力设备孪生体进行更加深入的状态分析及故障预测。为此,研制了一种带有金属反射板的双天线射频识别(radio frequency identification,RFID)加速度与温度传感器,并设计了RFID传感系统内的数据包格式以及传感数据经由边缘网关通过4G网络以消息队列遥测传输(messagequeuingtelemetrytransport,MQTT)协议上传至物联网云平台的数据传输通道,然后以OFPSZ-150000/220变压器为例进行了传感器测试和数据传输协议的应用。结果表明:所设计的数据传输协议丢包率主要存在于RFID传感器信道内,在2 m内的丢包率为11.3%,在最远通信距离3 m处的丢包率为38.2%,在数据经由边缘网关上云的信道中几乎不存在数据包的丢失问题。研究表明所设计的RFID传感器具有一定的实用性,且数据通信协议通道是稳定可靠的。The development of digital twin technology of electrical equipment promotes the application of various new sensing technologies in the power industry,and a stable and clear data cloud channel is urgently needed to provide electrical equipment twins with more in-depth status analysis and fault prediction.For this reason,we developed a dual antenna radio frequency identification(RFID)acceleration and temperature sensor with metal reflector.Then,we designed the data package format in the RFID sensor system and the transmission channel,and uploaded sensor data to the Internet of Things cloud platform via the message queuing telemetry transport(MQTT)protocol over a 4 G network by way of an edge gateway.Finally,the OFPSZ-150000/220 transformer was taken as an example for sensor testing and data transfer protocol application.The results show that the designed data transmission protocol mainly exists in the RFID sensor channel,with a packet loss rate of 11.3%within 2 meters and 38.2%at the farthest communication distance of 3 meters.There is hardly any problem of packet loss in the channel where data pass through the cloud on the edge gateway.The research shows that the designed RFID sensor is practical and the data communication protocol channel is stable and reliable.

关 键 词：数字孪生 RFID传感器 物联网 丢包率 通信协议 

分 类 号：TM50[电气工程—电器] TP391.44[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]