构建协商系统:乡村治理中“行政”与“自治”的协调之道  

The Construction of Deliberative System:How Can“Administration”and“Autonomy”Coordinate with Each Other in China′s Rural Governance?

作　　者：李强彬[1] 马丹妮[1] LI Qiangbin;MA Danni

机构地区：[1]四川大学公共管理学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《党政研究》2022年第4期112-122,128,共12页Studies on Party and Government

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“民主协商推进基层群众有效自治的长效机制与实现路径研究”(21AZZ005)。

摘　　要：“行政”与“自治”是我国乡村治理中的一对基本关系。在行政力量与自治力量之间的关系中,无论认为“自治已死”,还是主张“找回自治”,都彰显出“行政”与“自治”之间的结构性紧张与运作之困,尤其体现在国家力量与乡土社会力量的此消彼长、纵向行政与横向自治之间的不协调、公共理性与个体选择的不一致之中。以协商系统的观点来看,“行政”与“自治”并非不可兼得的二元对立关系,行政力量与自治力量都是基层治理中的关键要素。在一个平等包容、要素依赖、科学分工的基层协商系统中,可以将“行政”与“自治”视为协商系统的重要组成部分。通过创造有效衔接与互动的基层治理共同体关系、营造良好的协商环境、明确二者之间的边界并保障其独立性与功能特性,可以促进协商治理的有效实现,进而为推进“行政”与“自治”的共进提供一种新的路径。“Administration”and“Autonomy”are a pair of fundamental relations in rural governance in China.In the relationship between administrative power and autonomous power,whether it is considered that“autonomy is dead”or advocates“recovery of autonomy”,the structural tension and operational difficulties between“administration”and“autonomy”are demonstrated.It is especially reflected in the ebb and flow of state power and rural social forces,the incoordination between vertical administration and horizontal autonomy,and the inconsistency between public reason and individual choice.From the point of view of the deliberative system,“administration”and“autonomy”are not dualistic relationships that cannot have both because both of them are key elements in grassroots governance.In a grassroots deliberative system that has the characteristics of equality,inclusiveness,dependence,and scientific division,“administration”and“autonomy”can be regarded as important components of the deliberative system.Promoting the effectiveness of deliberative governance can be achieved by establishing a grassroots governance community that is effectively connected and interacting,creating a good deliberation environment,clarifying the boundary between“administration”and“autonomy”,and ensuring their independence and functional characteristics.At the same time,it further provides a new path for promoting the co-progress of“administration”and“autonomy”.

关 键 词：协商系统 乡村治理 基层群众自治 民主协商 

分 类 号：D638[政治法律—政治学]