2016-2020年四川省学生肺结核疫情流行特征分析  

Analysis of epidemic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis among students in Sichuan from 2016 to 2020

作　　者：肖月[1] 夏岚[1] 夏勇[1] 饶正远[1] 李运葵[1] 陈闯[1] Xiao Yue;Xia Lan;Xia Yong;Rao Zhengyuan;Li Yunkui;Chen Chuang(Institute of Tuberculosis,Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心结核病防治所,成都610041

出　　处：《中国防痨杂志》2022年第8期777-783,共7页Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis

摘　　要：目的:了解“十三五”期间四川省学生肺结核疫情流行特征,为优化学校结核病防控策略提供参考依据。方法:收集2016-2020年《传染病报告信息管理系统》《结核病管理信息系统》和《四川省统计年鉴》中有关学生肺结核疫情和人口的数据资料,包括年龄、性别、地区、发现方式、就诊信息、诊断结果等,采用回顾性描述的方式分析学生肺结核报告发病的三间分布、发现方式和就诊延迟情况。结果:2016-2020年四川省共报告肺结核患者253582例,其中学生肺结核患者19540例,占全省患者总数的7.71%,并呈现逐年上升趋势,由2016年的5.39%(2905/53865)上升至2020年的10.47%(4839/46218),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)_(趋势)=1030.301,P<0.01)。2016年学生肺结核报告发病率高峰为3、4月份[分别为16.97%(493/2905)、10.29%(299/2905)],2017年报告发病率高峰为3、12月份[分别为14.20%(493/3471)和11.67%(405/3471)],2018年和2019年报告发病率高峰为3、9月份[分别为15.56%(630/4049)、11.43%(463/4049)和14.43%(617/4276)、10.69%(457/4276)],2020年报告发病率高峰为5、8、9月份[分别为14.51%(702/4839)、10.99%(532/4839)和11.43%(553/4839)]。甘阿凉地区2020年学生肺结核报告发病率为120.29/10万(2021/1680000),2016年为55.00/10万(801/1434000),上升了118.71%;非甘阿凉地区2020年学生肺结核报告发病率为21.15/10万(2818/13326000),2016年为16.33/10万(2104/12888000),上升了29.60%。15岁及以下学生患者比例逐年上升,由2016年的17.93%(441/2459)上升至2020年的28.77%(1272/4422),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=200.120,P<0.01);彝族和藏族的学生患者比例逐年上升,由2016年的20.01%(492/2459)上升至2020年的41.09%(1817/4422),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=648.671,P<0.01);健康体检发现的学生患者比例逐年上升,由2016年的5.77%(142/2459)上升至2020年的8.25%(365/4422),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=53.234,P<0.01);病原学阳性的学生患者比例逐年上升,Objective:To analyze the epidemic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)among students in Sichuan during 13th Five-Year period,in order to provide reference for optimizing TB prevention and control in schools.Methods:Data about TB epidemic situation and population of students,including age,gender,region,detection,medical information,diagnosis results,etc.,were collected from the Infectious Diseases Reporting System,Tuberculosis Information Management System and Sichuan Yearbook were collected from 2016 to 2020.A retrospective description was used to analyze the spatial,temporal and population distribution of PTB in students,the detection and the delay of treatment.Results:From 2016 to 2020,a total of 253582 PTB cases were reported in Sichuan,including 19540 student cases(7.71%),incidence rate of students increased year by year,from 5.39%(2905/53865)in 2016 to 10.47%(4839/46218)in 2020(χ^(2)_(trend)=1030.301,P<0.01).For students,the reported peaks PTB were in March and April(16.97%(493/2905)and 10.29%(299/2905))in 2016,March(14.20%(493/3471))and December(11.67%(405/3471))in 2017,March(15.56%(630/4049),14.43%(617/4276))and September(11.43%(463/4049),10.69%(457/4276))in 2018 and 2019,May(14.51%(702/4839)),August(10.99%(532/4839))and September(11.43%(553/4839))in 2020.In 2020,2021 cases(120.29/100000,2021/1680000)of PTB were reported in Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture,increased by 118.71%in comparison with that in 2016(55.00/100000,801/1434000).In the other regions in Sichuan,2818 cases(21.15/100000,2818/13326000)of PTB were reported in 2020,increased by 29.60%in comparison with that in 2016(16.33/100000,2104/12888000).The proportion of students aged 15 and younger increased year by year,from 17.93%(441/2459)in 2016 to 28.77%(1272/4422)in 2020,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=200.120,P<0.01).The proportion of Yi and Tibetan increased year by year,from 20.01%(492/2459)in 2016 to 41.09%(1817/4422)in 2020.T

关 键 词：结核 肺 学生 流行病学研究特征(主题) 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学] G455[医药卫生—临床医学]