长江流域上中下游基流演变规律及与降水量关联分析  

Evolution of Baseflow in the Upper, Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and Its Correlation Analysis with Precipitation

作　　者：黄珊珊 董前进[1,2] HUANG Shan-shan;DONG Qian-jin(State of Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Water System Science for Sponge City Construction,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉大学海绵城市建设水系统科学湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2022年第7期10-13,共4页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51979198)。

摘　　要：气候变化及频繁的人类活动给自然水循环过程带来强烈的扰动,使得径流的演变规律变得复杂,深入分析流域径流组分演变规律及归因辨识是合理利用与保护水资源的基础。基于长江流域三个代表性水文站点1952~2014年日径流数据及146个气象水文站点,采用L-H数字滤波法进行径流分割,获得基流序列及基流指数(BFI),分析了径流、基流及BFI的年、代、季演变规律,并绘制小波相干功率谱图以探求基流序列与面降水量之间的关联。结果表明,长江流域年径流、基流出现明显的下降趋势,BFI从21世纪开始呈现持续缓慢上升状态;基流与降水序列在8~18月尺度范围内存在密切相关,上游降水序列先于基流大约0.2个周期变化,中游和下游的降水序列与基流变化保持同步;上游至下游基流与降水之间的显著性程度降低,变化规律逐渐复杂。Climate change and frequent human activities have brought strong disturbances to the natural water cycle process, which complicates the evolution of streamflow. In-depth analysis of the evolution of runoff composition and attribution identification is the basis for the rational use and protection of water resources. Taking the Yangtze River basin as an example, based on the daily streamflow data of three representative hydrological stations from 1952 to 2014 and 146 meteorological and hydrological stations, the L-H digital filtering method was used to separate the streamflow to obtain the daily baseflow sequence and the baseflow index(BFI), and the streamflow, baseflow and BFI’s annual, generation, and seasonal evolution were analyzed. The wavelet coherent power spectrograms were drew to explore the relationship between the baseflow and precipitation. The results show that the annual streamflow and baseflow of the Yangtze River Basin showed a clear downward trend, and the BFI showed a continuous and slow rise since the 21 st century. The baseflow and the precipitation series are closely related in the 8 to 18 th monthly scale. The upstream precipitation series precede the changes of baseflow approximately 0.2 cycles, and the precipitation sequence in the middle and lower reaches keeps pace with the changes in the base flow. The significance degree between the base flow and the precipitation from the upstream to the downstream decreases, and the change law is gradually complicated.

关 键 词：基流分割 L-H滤波分析 BFI指数 小波相干分析 

分 类 号：P322.4[天文地球—地球物理学] TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]