天文观测对中子星内部结构的可能约束  

The Possible Constraints of Astronomical Observations on the Internal Structure of Neutron Stars

作　　者：许妍 XU Yan(Changchun Observatory,National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chang-chun 130117,China;National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;School of Astronomy and Space Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家天文台长春人造卫星观测站,长春130117 [2]中国科学院国家天文台,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院,北京100049

出　　处：《天文学进展》2022年第2期193-204,共12页Progress In Astronomy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11988101)。

摘　　要：深空脉冲星探测是约束中子星物态方程和理论模型的一个关键因素。尤其是奇特脉冲星及其系统,如亚毫秒脉冲星、双中子星和中子星-黑洞系统等的探测有望推动恒星演化理论、中子星物态方程和理论模型的革新。主要回顾了脉冲星宏观性质观测,包括脉冲星自转速度、质量、引力红移、转动惯量和引力波探测;介绍了约束中子星内部结构方面取得的一系列研究进展。The detection of deep space pulsars is a key factor that constrains the equation of states and the theoretical models of neutron stars.In particular,the process of observing the peculiar pulsars and their systems,such as sub-millisecond pulsars,binary neutron star systems,neutron star-black hole systems,etc.,has played a very important role in understanding the evolution of stars and the true internal structure of neutron stars.For example,the extremely high rotation frequencies of sub-millisecond pulsars may play a key role in constraining the equation of state of neutron stars and verifying the evolution of structure and mechanism in the rapidly rotating neutron stars.The researches of the macroscopic properties of sub-millisecond pulsars can provide important clues to whether quark matter can appear in sub-millisecond pulsars,and whether there is an association between the mass range of sub-millisecond pulsars and the possible mass gaps of neutron stars and black holes.The discovery of peculiar pulsars and their systems can promote astronomical observations to find the effective ways to distinguish neutron stars from quark stars.The measuring the surface gravitational redshift of neutron stars provides a potential method for constraining or estimating the mass and radius of neutron stars.The detection of the gravitational wave signal in future will extract more data that can be used to constrain the macroscopic properties of pulsars.The article reviews the progress of research on the internal structure of neutron stars based on the latest astronomical observations,including how might the rotation speed,the mass,the gravitational redshift,the moment of inertia,and the detection of gravitational waves be used to constrain the equation of states and test the theoretical models of neutron stars.

关 键 词：中子星 中子星内部结构 物态方程 天文观测 

分 类 号：P145.6[天文地球—天体物理]