砷胁迫下接种丛枝菌根真菌对棉花光合特性和叶肉细胞超微结构的影响  

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on photosynthetic characteristics and mesophyll cell ultrastructure of cotton under arsenic stress

作　　者：龚明贵[1,2] 刘凯洋 魏亚楠 白娜 邱智军[1,2] 张巧明[4] Gong Minggui;Liu Kaiyang;Wei Yanan;Bai Na;Qiu Zhijun;Zhang Qiaoming(College of Food and Bioengineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,Henan 471023,China;Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Utilization,College of Food and Bioengineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,Henan 471023,China;Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Anyang,Henan 455000,China;College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,Henan 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学食品与生物工程学院,河南洛阳471023 [2]河南科技大学食品与生物工程学院微生物资源开发与利用重点实验室,河南洛阳471023 [3]安阳市疾病预防控制中心,河南安阳455000 [4]河南科技大学园艺与植物保护学院,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《棉花学报》2022年第3期256-266,共11页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31870093);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31800096)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)接种对砷胁迫下棉花光合特性及其叶肉细胞超微结构的影响。【方法】以棉花种质大铃棉69号为供试材料,通过盆栽试验,将根内根孢囊霉(Rhizophagus intraradices)和摩西斗管囊霉(Funneliformis mosseae)2种AMF分别接种于棉花根部,探究在不同土壤砷浓度(0、100、200 mg·kg^(-1))条件下AMF对棉花气孔形态特征、气体交换参数、叶绿素荧光参数和叶肉细胞超微结构的影响。【结果】(1)砷胁迫显著降低了棉花叶片气孔的长度、宽度、密度、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、胞间CO_(2)浓度与净光合速率,同时显著影响了叶绿素荧光参数。不同砷浓度下,与对照处理相比,AMF接种能增加叶片气孔的长度、宽度、开度、密度及导度,显著提高净光合速率、胞间CO_(2)浓度、蒸腾速率、实际光合效率、最大光化学量子产量和光化学淬灭系数,降低了非光化学淬灭系数。100、200 mg·kg^(-1)砷浓度下,摩西斗管囊霉处理的净光合速率和实际光合效率均显著高于根内根孢囊霉处理。(2)砷胁迫导致叶绿体逐渐肿胀,整体结构遭破坏,基粒类囊体排列紊乱且分布不均;线粒体内嵴排列松散变形,部分线粒体结构内部出现空洞,双层膜结构模糊。砷胁迫下,AMF接种处理的棉花叶肉细胞内叶绿体基粒片层清晰可见、线粒体内嵴结构排列较紧密,受砷损伤程度明显降低;摩西斗管囊霉的缓解作用更强。【结论】砷胁迫下,接种根内根孢囊霉和摩西斗管囊霉能显著提高棉花净光合速率和光能利用效率,增强其棉花光合能力,减轻砷对叶肉细胞超微结构的损伤。且摩西斗管囊霉的接种效果更佳。[Objective]The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)inoculation on photosynthetic characteristics and mesophyll cell ultrastructure in cotton under arsenic stress were studied.[Method]Cotton germplasm Dalingmian 69 were used as the test material in the pot experiment.Two species of AMF including Rhizophagus intraradices and Funneliformis mosseae were inoculated into the cotton roots respectively in order to investigate the effects of AMF on stomatal morphological characteristics,gas exchange parameters,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and mesophyll cell ultrastructure under different arsenic concentrations(0,100,200 mg·kg^(-1))in soil.[Result](1)Arsenic stress significantly reduced stomatal length,width,density,conductance,transpiration rate,intercellular CO_(2) concentration and net photosynthetic rate,and significantly affected chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of cotton leaves.However,compared with the control treatment,inoculation of AMF increased the length,width,aperture,density,and conductance of cotton stomata,and significantly increased the net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,intercellular CO_(2) concentration,actual photosynthetic efficiency,the maximum photochemical quantum yield and photochemical quenching coefficient,and reduced the non-photochemical quenching coefficient under different concentrations of arsenic.Under 100 and 200 mg·kg^(-1) arsenic concentration,the net photosynthetic rate and actual photosynthetic efficiency of F.mosseae treatment were significantly higher than those of R.intraradices treatment.(2)Arsenic stress led to the gradual swelling of chloroplast,the overall structure was destroyed,the disordered and uneven arrangement of grana thylakoids,the loose and deformed arrangement of cristae in mitochondria,the appearance of voids in some mitochondrial structures,and the fuzzy double-layer membrane structure.However,under arsenic stress,the lamellae of chloroplast grana in the mesophyll cells of cotton inoculated with AMF were clearly visible,and the cristae in

关 键 词：棉花 土壤砷污染 丛枝菌根真菌 光合特性 超微结构 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]