绿竹林土壤重金属污染特征及竹笋健康风险评价  

Assessment on Soil Heavy Metals Pollution Characteristics and Shoots Health Risk in Dendrocalamopsis oldhami Forests

作　　者：岳晋军[1] 倪张林[1] 朱燕琳 袁金玲[3] Yue Jinjun;Ni Zhanglin;Zhu Yanlin;Yuan Jinling(Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,CAF,Fuyang 311400,P.R.China;Cangnan Forestry Center of Zhejiang Province;Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,CAF)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,富阳311400 [2]浙江省苍南县林业事业发展中心 [3]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2022年第7期61-65,85,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：浙江省农业新品种选育重大专项(2021C02070-4);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0600104)资助。

摘　　要：在福建、浙江、重庆等绿竹笋主产区,按照山顶、山腰、山麓、山地稻田、水稻田、河滩等6种土地类型进行了典型样地取样,通过测定土壤和竹笋中重金属的质量分数,采用污染指数、富集系数、健康风险系数等指标进行综合评价。结果表明:Cd在水稻田中超标,Pb在山顶、山麓、河滩地3种土地类型中存在超标,Zn、As、Cu、Cr在6种土壤中均未发现超标;6种土地类型的综合污染指数均小于或等于1.0,属于未污染土壤。绿竹笋中的重金属平均质量分数均未超出国家限量值。6种重金属在绿竹笋中的生物富集系数由大到小为Cu、Cd、Zn、Cr、Pb、As,且目标危险系数值均小于1,对人的健康风险都较低。6种土地类型以河滩地和山地稻田的危害指数略大,长期食用这两种林地生产的绿竹笋存在一定的健康风险。因此,现有绿竹笋用林土壤中重金属污染程度不大,仅有个别地方存在轻微超标;绿竹笋富集重金属能力较弱,重金属不超标。Soil and shoots samples in Dendrocalamopsis oldhamiforests under six typical land types,including upper mountain,middle mountain,bottom mountain,mountain paddy field,paddy field and flood land,were picked from Zhejiang,Fujian and Chongqing,and the contents of heavy metals in soil and shoots were determined,and the comprehensive evaluation was carried out by using pollution index,bioconcentration factor and health risk index.The results showed that Cd exceeded the standard in paddy field,Pb exceeded the standard in upper mountain,bottom mountain and flood land,but Zn,As,Cu and Cr did not exceed the standard.The comprehensive pollution index(PN)of the six land types were less than or equal to 1.0,which belonged to unpolluted soil.The average mass fraction of all six heavy metals in shoots did not exceed the maximum levels.Bioconcentration factors of six heavy metals in shoots from high to low were Cu,Cd,Zn,Cr,Pb and As.Target hazards quotient values of six heavy metals in shoots were all less than 1.0,which means those shoots have low health risks.The harm index of flood land and mountain paddy field is a little higher than others,so long-term consumption of shoots from those two land types would bring certain health risks.Therefore,heavy metals pollution in soil of D.oldhami forests is not serious with slightly over-exceeding in some accidental sites,and the D.oldhami shoots have a weak accumulation ability for heavy metals with no exceeding of the standard.

关 键 词：绿竹 土壤 竹笋 重金属污染特征 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]