职业病预防性体检中健康教育的临床研究  

Clinical Study on Health Education in preventive physical Examination of occupational Diseases

作　　者：郭春丽[1] 刘海洪[1] GUO Chunli;LIU Haihong(Institute of occupational disease control and prevention,Luoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Luoyang Henan 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]洛阳市疾病预防控制中心职业病预防控制所,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《临床研究》2022年第8期195-198,共4页Clinical Research

摘　　要：目的分析职业病预防性体检中健康教育的应用效果。方法选取2020年1月至2020年12月在洛阳市疾病预防控制中心开展职业病预防性体检的83例作业人员设为对照组(开展常规职业病预防性体检,未予以健康教育),另83例作业人员设为观察组(在职业病预防性体检基础上开展健康教育),比较两组对职业病有关防治知识的知晓率和职业病有关防治态度、防治行为的正确率和职业病患病率情况。结果观察组职业病概念、职业病防治法、有害因素入侵途径、本岗位的职业危害因素、定期开展职业健康检查方面的职业病有关防治知识掌握度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组有无必要进行职业健康体检、有无必要采取防护措施或防护用物、是否愿意接受有关职业卫生知识培训、有无必要定期监测工作场所内的有害因素、是否欢迎有关部门检查方面的职业病有关防治态度正确率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组有无采用有效防护措施、有无采用无安全保障仪器设备、有无遵守岗位的操作规程、有无配合管理人员进行职业病防治、有无主动了解自身岗位职业危害方面的职业病有关防治行为正确率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组职业病患病率低于对照组,但组间相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论职业病预防性体检中开展健康教育效果理想,能提升作业人员对职业病有关防治知识知晓率和防治态度及行为的正确率,减少职业病发生,值得采用。Objective To analyze the effect of health education in preventive physical examination of occupational disease.Methods A total of 83 operators who carried out preventive physical examination of occupational disease in Luoyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention from January 2020 to December 202 were selected as the control group(routine preventive physical examination of occupational disease was carried out without health education),and the other 83 operators were set as the observation group(health education was carried out on the basis of preventive physical examination of occupational disease).The awareness rate of occupational disease related prevention and control knowledge,the correctness rate of occupational disease related prevention and control attitude,prevention and control behavior and the prevalence rate of occupational diseases were compared between the two groups.Results In the observation group,the mastery degree of occupational disease concept,occupational disease prevention and control law,the invasion way of harmful factors,the occupational hazard factors of the post,and the knowledge of occupational disease prevention and control in the regular implementation of occupational health examination were higher than those in the control group,the difference was significant(P<0.05).The correctness rate of whether it is necessary to carry out occupational health examination,whether it is necessary to take protective measures or protective objects,whether it is willing to receive training on occupational health knowledge,whether it is necessary to regularly monitor harmful factors in the workplace,and whether it is welcome to be examined by relevant departments,attitude towards prevention and control of occupational diseases in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).The correct rate of whether effective protective measures are taken,whether instruments and equipment without safety guarantee are used,whether the ope

关 键 词：职业病 预防性体检 健康教育 知识 态度 行为 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]