云南干热河谷区设施葡萄与蔬菜间作的土壤培肥效果  

Effects of intercropping of facility grapes and vegetables on soil properties in the dry-hot valley of Yunnan province

作　　者：张永慧 李贝贝 徐权杰 吴流通 常换换[1] 苏友波[1] ZHANG Yong-hui;LI Bei-bei;XU Quan-jie;WU Liu-tong;CHANG Huan-huan;SU You-bo(College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming Yunnan 650210;Kangle County Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Kale Yunnan 631500)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650210 [2]康乐县农业农村局,云南康乐631500

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2022年第6期1-8,共8页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项项目(202002AE320005);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2019Y0083)。

摘　　要：为探究设施葡萄间作蔬菜对土壤的培肥效果,在云南省干热河谷地区研究了葡萄单作(CK)、葡萄//萝卜(GR)、葡萄//青笋(GG)、葡萄//蚕豆(GB)、葡萄//冰菜(GI)、葡萄//蒜(GGa)、葡萄//辣椒(GP)、葡萄//白菜(GC)对土壤理化性质和微生物功能多样性的影响。在2019年9月~2020年11月,进行了连续两年为期每年62 d的设施地试验后,于2020年蔬菜成熟期采集土样。结果表明,蔬菜与葡萄间作后,根际土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶活性增加;团聚体稳定性增强;土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾和有机质含量显著增加,其中最明显的变化是间作速效钾的含量高于单作。不同间作模式下土壤微生物多样性表现不同。总体而言,干热河谷地区设施葡萄园中间作改变了土壤微生物群落,增加了土壤酶活性和土壤有机质、有效磷、速效钾含量,优化了土壤团聚体结构。In order to explore the effect of intercropping vegetables in facility vineyards on soil conservation,the effects of grape monoculture(CK),grape//radish(GR),grape//bamboo shoot(GG),grape//broad bean(GB),grape//ice cabbage(GI),grape//garlic(GGa),grape//pepper(GP)and grape//cabbage(GC)on soil physical and chemical properties and microbial functional diversity were studied in dry and hot valley areas of Yunnan province.Field experiments for 62 days per year were carried out for two consecutive years from September 2019 to November 2020,and soil samples were collected during the mature period of vegetables in 2020.The results showed that the activities of urease,sucrase and catalase in rhizosphere soil increased after vegetable and grape intercropping,and the stability of aggregate intercropping was better than that of grape monoculture.The contents of soil available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter increased significantly,and the most obvious change was that the content of available potassium in intercropping was higher than that in monoculture.Soil microbial diversity was different under different intercropping patterns.In general,the soil microbial community in the facility vineyard in the dry-hot valley changed the soil microbial community,increased soil enzyme activity,soil organic matter content,soil available phosphorus content,soil available potassium content,and optimized the structure of soil aggregates.

关 键 词：葡萄 设施 蔬菜 间作 理化性质 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学] S626[农业科学—园艺学]